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That's why I’m trying to make it a ‘free forever’ concept. If I can build products that use [this foundation] that would help people, I could sell [those products]. But the underlying service should be a place where we could all come together and just use AI for free. The other thing is, if you look at every service out there, everybody is just completely throttled on tokens. That's an enormous cost for people who want to do development now.”",[],{"_37":512,"_23":297,"_298":513,"_306":518,"_308":309},"4a800f6c6d0b",[514],{"_37":515,"_23":302,"_303":516,"_174":517},"ed82fed30636",[],"“I think that companies want everyone to pay for inference, and you shouldn't have to. The thing is, everybody's already got bundled costs.” The creator points out that the cost of utilizing high-end foundation models continues to increase, while Chinese AI labs are turning out increasingly competitive open models...which aren’t always supported natively within mainstream AI development toolsets.",[],{"_37":520,"_23":297,"_298":521,"_306":526,"_308":309},"dea88bd57928",[522],{"_37":523,"_23":302,"_303":524,"_174":525},"1b4fb1e6f304",[],"“Now the users are left with this mess. It was getting to a point where I was paying four different vendors and I wasn't even maximizing all the stuff I had. I asked myself, ‘Why can't we just have an agreed-upon substrate we just all go to?’”",[],{"_37":528,"_23":297,"_298":529,"_306":534,"_308":309},"28fe2c5d871a",[530],{"_37":531,"_23":302,"_303":532,"_174":533},"6e2a9747f792",[],"“Why not make the substrate free? Shimmy is free, always will be free. I'm not going to charge you. You have it. 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That's an enormous cost for people who want to do development now.” -Mike Kuykendall, Creator/Shimmy",[],"blockquote",{"_37":545,"_23":297,"_298":546,"_306":551,"_308":381},"a7520fdacac8",[547],{"_37":548,"_23":302,"_303":549,"_174":550},"52b20128f977",[],"Freeing AI Infrastructure from Garbage Collection",[],{"_37":553,"_23":297,"_298":554,"_306":559,"_308":309},"739788adaa0a",[555],{"_37":556,"_23":302,"_303":557,"_174":558},"b785ad9c3e1a",[],"Kuykendall makes the emphatic point that despite the domineering popularity of Python for AI use cases, he designed his project to be 100% Rust-based for a reason. “Garbage collection [in Python] is ridiculous. It’s bad engineering.”",[],{"_37":561,"_23":297,"_298":562,"_306":576,"_308":309},"d43a10427b0d",[563,567,572],{"_37":564,"_23":302,"_303":565,"_174":566},"64dfa91afcb9",[],"The creator explains that he began learning Rust to challenge himself, but found it to be an excellent working language whose ",{"_37":568,"_23":302,"_303":569,"_174":571},"38c36a70c8e3",[570],"2cbe051ccdd9","ownership and borrowing",{"_37":573,"_23":302,"_303":574,"_174":575},"8a9094d444ed",[]," system inherently forces developers to manage memory safely at compile time, but also matched AI software development well by minimizing non-repeatable, nondeterministic outcomes.",[577],{"_37":570,"_23":49,"_400":578},"https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html",{"_37":580,"_23":297,"_298":581,"_306":595,"_308":309},"09c2e644eec9",[582,586,591],{"_37":583,"_23":302,"_303":584,"_174":585},"40abccc499f8",[],"“I also found that the garbage collection brought along with it a bunch of stuff you don't need. If you change your thinking around whether you need to retire some variables or let them gather in heaps, you can just use them and borrow them appropriately.” The creator notes that Rust’s ",{"_37":587,"_23":302,"_303":588,"_174":590},"fb73d36dfd1e",[589],"606966e22cb9","static type system",{"_37":592,"_23":302,"_303":593,"_174":594},"6a47bc41c228",[],", which verifies every variable at compile time, was both more sensical and helped him create invariant pipelines that reduced unpredictable outcomes as he built.",[596],{"_37":589,"_23":49,"_400":597},"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_system#STATIC",{"_37":599,"_23":297,"_298":600,"_306":605,"_308":381},"fa4e453f8ffb",[601],{"_37":602,"_23":302,"_303":603,"_174":604},"17d5610728e0",[],"How Free Infrastructure Cures Tokenmaxxing",[],{"_37":607,"_23":297,"_298":608,"_306":640,"_308":309},"77a74cdcd61c",[609,613,618,622,627,631,636],{"_37":610,"_23":302,"_303":611,"_174":612},"c1d4179c805b",[],"Kuykendall suggests that a largely free AI infrastructure substrate should be the solution for headline-grabbing token budget problems from orgs like ",{"_37":614,"_23":302,"_303":615,"_174":617},"6956f660bcc5",[616],"f74274218a16","Uber",{"_37":619,"_23":302,"_303":620,"_174":621},"b3c179bda066",[]," and ",{"_37":623,"_23":302,"_303":624,"_174":626},"dba715781e04",[625],"d15ce3ecf70c","ServiceNow",{"_37":628,"_23":302,"_303":629,"_174":630},"7f00a359d649",[],". “Just recently, almost every AI company cranked up their rates,” notes the creator, in reference to how major AI vendors recently ",{"_37":632,"_23":302,"_303":633,"_174":635},"d4b75be75e15",[634],"53cfd64a369d","repriced tokens",{"_37":637,"_23":302,"_303":638,"_174":639},"7271af2c0792",[]," that caused users everywhere to burn through their token budgets early.",[641,643,645],{"_37":616,"_23":49,"_400":642},"https://fortune.com/2026/05/26/uber-coo-ai-spending-tokens-claude-code/",{"_37":625,"_23":49,"_400":644},"https://x.com/laurabratton5/status/2054558503436755350",{"_37":634,"_23":49,"_400":646},"https://www.investing.com/analysis/the-ai-token-pricing-crisis-behind-openai-and-anthropics-revenue-race-200680777",{"_37":648,"_23":297,"_298":649,"_306":680,"_308":309},"fd64b7edec35",[650,654,659,663,668,671,676],{"_37":651,"_23":302,"_303":652,"_174":653},"73c5a60e5841",[],"“Last month, I ran out of tokens for every one of my top services on day 15. And I was staring down at the remaining two weeks, thinking to myself, ‘What am I supposed to do now?’ I was forced to go try to ‘do it cheap.’” For his own purposes, the creator went off and did what he imagined many other developers are doing: Trying a list of free alternatives, including ",{"_37":655,"_23":302,"_303":656,"_174":658},"986ca549a796",[657],"5e03a202a084","OpenCode",{"_37":660,"_23":302,"_303":661,"_174":662},"ba2ccf513f53",[],", ",{"_37":664,"_23":302,"_303":665,"_174":667},"bb8757025006",[666],"e2c462342b10","Pi",{"_37":669,"_23":302,"_303":670,"_174":662},"78c40617341a",[],{"_37":672,"_23":302,"_303":673,"_174":675},"e3a3359c81f6",[674],"674622a84064","Hermes Agent",{"_37":677,"_23":302,"_303":678,"_174":679},"a2435627bb91",[],", and others.",[681,683,685],{"_37":657,"_23":49,"_400":682},"https://opencode.ai/",{"_37":666,"_23":49,"_400":684},"https://pi.dev/",{"_37":674,"_23":49,"_400":686},"https://hermesagent.agency/",{"_37":688,"_23":297,"_298":689,"_306":694,"_308":309},"e9871fa1f8fc",[690],{"_37":691,"_23":302,"_303":692,"_174":693},"114996d67558",[],"“I think basically the corporations right now are trying to recoup their money. They realize that they're just going to have to take it from the people already using it. That's when I realized if I'm going to be a developer and I'm going to use this service, I need a more-economical way.”",[],{"_37":696,"_23":297,"_298":697,"_306":702,"_308":309},"7ec3c3b943a8",[698],{"_37":699,"_23":302,"_303":700,"_174":701},"3e48df6c56f5",[],"Having already canceled many of his pricey AI subscription services, Kuykendall reflects on how other developers like him may be making the same choices...and ending up with the extra hundreds of dollars saved from those canceled services, perhaps ready to spend elsewhere. “I’m working on other products on top of shimmy. Because that's where the money should be, in my opinion. Application should be where we put the money, not the inference.”",[],{"_37":704,"_23":297,"_298":705,"_306":710,"_308":381},"8407533ebf07",[706],{"_37":707,"_23":302,"_303":708,"_174":709},"65e2c0c1d5d1",[],"An Inference Tipping Point for Engineering Orgs, Coming Soon?",[],{"_37":712,"_23":297,"_298":713,"_306":718,"_308":309},"59f0368952cd",[714],{"_37":715,"_23":302,"_303":716,"_174":717},"7c37320bdb49",[],"Kuykendall foresees a not-to-distant future where engineering teams take a hard look at their AI bills, come to the same realization he did, and look to make a change. “I think the [largest AI vendors] understand that they overinvested.”",[],{"_37":720,"_23":297,"_298":721,"_306":734,"_308":309},"5fd0bd7e9815",[722,726,730],{"_37":723,"_23":302,"_303":724,"_174":725},"13de0ed48aeb",[],"“In the meantime, if I had a young up-and-comer startup right now, I would use an inference stack that was free. I’d try to get the best compute I could get for my dollar. I think there ",{"_37":727,"_23":302,"_303":728,"_174":729},"a774b1f7d0d5",[478],"is",{"_37":731,"_23":302,"_303":732,"_174":733},"c6e4eab459af",[]," going to be an ‘API apocalypse,’ or whatever they’re calling it on social media, when everybody starts seeing viable alternatives they can use instead. And I think we're already getting there.”",[],{"_37":736,"_23":297,"_298":737,"_306":742,"_308":309},"2fdcdbfc3d6d",[738],{"_37":739,"_23":302,"_303":740,"_174":741},"aada6eb3f5f3",[],"The creator notes that open models like Alibaba’s Qwen family and Z.ai’s GLM models can already perform well on software development when coupled with high-end hardware, a stark contrast to some of his previous experiences. “I worked at the IRS for several years, with no AI available. We had to do everything ‘the hard way.’ There were times when I’d think: ‘I could save three hours if I could just use AI right now!’”",[],{"_37":744,"_23":297,"_298":745,"_306":750,"_308":309},"88e2c04c93f9",[746],{"_37":747,"_23":302,"_303":748,"_174":749},"9b9b207217a7",[],"According to Kuykendall, we live in very different times now, with highly performant open models and high-end hardware both within reach of individual developers. “Long story short: What I wanted was for nerds like us to lay the groundwork so that it was just invisible infrastructure, for AI work, development, or anything else.”",[],{"_37":752,"_23":297,"_298":753,"_306":767,"_308":309},"67f4203d099e",[754,758,763],{"_37":755,"_23":302,"_303":756,"_174":757},"d2f914659680",[],"“It was also important to build the project offline. There are capable builders in Asia, some of the biggest drivers of growth on my GitHub repos, because I think they’re under the ",{"_37":759,"_23":302,"_303":760,"_174":762},"e7ad924dbde1",[761],"bae39e222a2e","Great Firewall",{"_37":764,"_23":302,"_303":765,"_174":766},"0b802225f345",[],".”",[768],{"_37":761,"_23":49,"_400":769},"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Firewall",{"_37":771,"_23":297,"_298":772,"_306":777,"_308":543},"486ea7c3b94d",[773],{"_37":774,"_23":302,"_303":775,"_174":776},"2201bd929675",[],"What I wanted was for nerds like us to lay the groundwork so that it was just invisible infrastructure, for AI work, development, or anything else.”",[],{"_37":779,"_23":297,"_298":780,"_306":785,"_308":381},"53749e95bb4e",[781],{"_37":782,"_23":302,"_303":783,"_174":784},"0310b232625d",[],"Lessons from Building Many Projects with AI",[],{"_37":787,"_23":297,"_298":788,"_306":802,"_308":309},"c8b2d2381460",[789,793,798],{"_37":790,"_23":302,"_303":791,"_174":792},"1d9af94ea5c0",[],"While AI can be a powerful assistant, Kuykendall warns other builders to avoid lulled into a false sense of security from ",{"_37":794,"_23":302,"_303":795,"_174":797},"a2aaf9fd4b37",[796],"e12cad35cf8c","sycophantic models",{"_37":799,"_23":302,"_303":800,"_174":801},"e5e63a879bd9",[]," that agree with you a little too much. “You have to separate yourself from this stuff, or at least watch for AI having an emotional impact on you. Try to get away from that and make it a source of data instead.”",[803],{"_37":796,"_23":49,"_400":804},"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sycophancy_(artificial_intelligence)",{"_37":806,"_23":297,"_298":807,"_306":820,"_308":309},"8b1ffd549782",[808,812,816],{"_37":809,"_23":302,"_303":810,"_174":811},"ee3e7aee0636",[],"“I've been in AI development pretty much from the moment it started. And I noticed while doing testing that tests would just ",{"_37":813,"_23":302,"_303":814,"_174":815},"e0d714f4e6d7",[478],"happen",{"_37":817,"_23":302,"_303":818,"_174":819},"d2e6fb2bfd8d",[]," to go the way I wanted them to, by a point or two. Always. The AI was quietly influencing things. So for founders, I would recommend that first of all, they should spread out their compute and find many points of view. Every one of these [models] is differently trained and they're going to give you a different answer. And a lot of times you have to watch your logic, because it'll tell you exactly what you want to hear.”",[],{"_37":822,"_23":297,"_298":823,"_306":828,"_308":309},"9078a52ba64c",[824],{"_37":825,"_23":302,"_303":826,"_174":827},"45fa152bf8da",[],"The creator recommends putting models through their paces, at minimum asking why ideas might be good and why they might be bad, and potentially pitting other models against each other. “You have to try to look at it as an empirical and scientific process, and try to take the human emotion out of it.”",[],{"_37":830,"_23":297,"_298":831,"_306":836,"_308":381},"79614730978e",[832],{"_37":833,"_23":302,"_303":834,"_174":835},"c2ee84a941c8",[],"What AI Infra Will Look Like in the Future",[],{"_37":838,"_23":297,"_298":839,"_306":844,"_308":309},"934f5116fe06",[840],{"_37":841,"_23":302,"_303":842,"_174":843},"8392b1017d92",[],"Kuykendall envisions a future AI infrastructure without the many layers of interface that block users from getting things done. “When I first started really spitballing it early on, I remember thinking: Why am I wasting my time with a computer, that's running a browser, that's running a window, that's running a thing that I connect to a server, that runs the AI? What's all this intervening stuff about?”",[],{"_37":846,"_23":297,"_298":847,"_306":860,"_308":309},"bbcd02b13f08",[848,852,856],{"_37":849,"_23":302,"_303":850,"_174":851},"3bad3c3c0ef8",[],"“Some of my early, kind of crazy experiments were running AI on hot metal and then having an operating system that's just an AI with tools. Because I found that I would rather have that than have to poke around for that one thing, or that one file. Why don't we just change the idea of an operating system to basically be an ",{"_37":853,"_23":302,"_303":854,"_174":855},"0da0ebd6f719",[478],"intention system",{"_37":857,"_23":302,"_303":858,"_174":859},"1d4a5ea25430",[],"? Why not take the AI, surround it with tools, and give it the ability to talk to me and others?”",[],{"_37":862,"_23":297,"_298":863,"_306":868,"_308":309},"d63b7dcb7393",[864],{"_37":865,"_23":302,"_303":866,"_174":867},"1073724587bf",[],"“I think that's the next thing that would be really transformative. Taking out all the shell layers I don't need between myself and an AI with compute. I need to be able to talk to it. I need to have rewrite ability. I know this because I've already built more than a dozen AI tools. Then you put that in a stack and run on hot metal. I’d be saving a lot of money just doing that.”",[],{"_37":870,"_23":297,"_298":871,"_306":876,"_308":309},"38200e1a51a6",[872],{"_37":873,"_23":302,"_303":874,"_174":875},"ca88a52ab9af",[],"",[],11,"https://cdn.sanity.io/images/50q6fr1p/production/0017fa2c5f2372892542ff219e62bd4b155672ed-1200x630.png","3efff6ce-8204-46cb-a76d-3cf6b9473edf","2026-07-28T16:48:00.000Z","can-you-make-ai-infrastructure-free-forever","Can You Make AI Infrastructure Free Forever?","blogArticle",{"_316":885,"_326":1491,"_149":-5,"_329":1492,"_331":1493,"_333":1494,"_32":1495,"_336":883},[886,894,946,954,958,973,981,989,997,1032,1040,1048,1056,1075,1083,1091,1099,1107,1115,1123,1142,1150,1169,1177,1185,1193,1217,1225,1233,1241,1249,1257,1265,1273,1281,1289,1297,1305,1313,1321,1329,1337,1356,1364,1372,1380,1388,1396,1404,1412,1420,1428,1436,1443,1451,1459,1475,1483],{"_37":887,"_23":297,"_298":888,"_306":893,"_308":381},"85b1d4036b15",[889],{"_37":890,"_23":302,"_303":891,"_174":892},"0f1e1cf56629",[],"More AI-Generated Code = More Software Performance Problems?",[],{"_37":895,"_23":297,"_298":896,"_306":937,"_308":309},"4ce6b3971eb7",[897,901,906,910,915,919,924,928,933],{"_37":898,"_23":302,"_303":899,"_174":900},"d4f946b75b30",[],"Studies suggest that some ",{"_37":902,"_23":302,"_303":903,"_174":905},"ce19ace0c345",[904],"4d95f6d50c44","88%",{"_37":907,"_23":302,"_303":908,"_174":909},"64dfeaab2ebf",[]," of organizations have adopted AI, with some hyperscalers claiming that as much as ",{"_37":911,"_23":302,"_303":912,"_174":914},"ba9598219e76",[913],"72b2a06d71bb","75%",{"_37":916,"_23":302,"_303":917,"_174":918},"21c5b6a3c0e2",[]," of their new code is AI-generated. Does more AI-generated code mean more performance issues and software regressions? Without guardrails, yes, says ",{"_37":920,"_23":302,"_303":921,"_174":923},"7a0787c956a3",[922],"f949007246e0","Arthur Pastel",{"_37":925,"_23":302,"_303":926,"_174":927},"455f993edbe6",[],", co-founder and CEO of ",{"_37":929,"_23":302,"_303":930,"_174":932},"7fe532fcc0ed",[931],"fa8dfc5b556a","CodSpeed",{"_37":934,"_23":302,"_303":935,"_174":936},"8127093540c5",[],", a performance intelligence platform built specifically to help teams detect regressions and fix performance issues earlier in the SDLC. Today, CodSpeed is used by teams at OpenAI, Cloudflare and Vercel as well as leading open-source organizations like Mozilla and Pydantic.",[938,940,942,944],{"_37":904,"_23":49,"_400":939},"https://hai.stanford.edu/ai-index/2026-ai-index-report",{"_37":913,"_23":49,"_400":941},"https://blog.google/innovation-and-ai/infrastructure-and-cloud/google-cloud/cloud-next-2026-sundar-pichai/",{"_37":922,"_23":49,"_400":943},"https://x.com/Art049",{"_37":931,"_23":49,"_400":945},"https://codspeed.io",{"_37":947,"_23":297,"_298":948,"_306":953,"_308":309},"451d61284f83",[949],{"_37":950,"_23":302,"_303":951,"_174":952},"cddfd1ff3031",[],"The founder, a lifelong coder, explains that the project arose from a longtime interest in software performance. With the growing popularity of the Rust language, Pastel observed that while many interesting tools were being built, there was still no way to measure performance continuously in CI, which inspired him to build the first version of what became CodSpeed, and to found the company.",[],{"_37":955,"_23":149,"_114":956},"5cc4316a0d67",{"_116":957,"_23":118},"image-a8a18beb787fd43fc0bf30d485d82b32a0a73dbd-1280x521-jpg",{"_37":959,"_23":297,"_298":960,"_306":970,"_308":309},"ce8a13dfb474",[961,965],{"_37":962,"_23":302,"_303":963,"_174":964},"9dcf909829ec",[478],"CodSpeed founder Arthur Pastel discusses software optimization at EuroRust 2025. Image courtesy ",{"_37":966,"_23":302,"_303":967,"_174":969},"e8f9df5d7ee6",[968,478],"3709843ced45","EuroRust",[971],{"_37":968,"_23":49,"_400":972},"https://eurorust.eu/",{"_37":974,"_23":297,"_298":975,"_306":980,"_308":381},"4e6295e12f99",[976],{"_37":977,"_23":302,"_303":978,"_174":979},"cabead326027",[],"Making Performance Visibility Continuous",[],{"_37":982,"_23":297,"_298":983,"_306":988,"_308":309},"bca4b0de5def",[984],{"_37":985,"_23":302,"_303":986,"_174":987},"81eba1d1325a",[],"Pastel suggests that the core problem that drove him to design CodSpeed is a lack of continuous visibility into performance during the software development life cycle. “Prior to CodSpeed, you really just had point-in-time performance data points.”",[],{"_37":990,"_23":297,"_298":991,"_306":996,"_308":309},"3588da0a7594",[992],{"_37":993,"_23":302,"_303":994,"_174":995},"b308109e8359",[],"He explains that on a team, one member might run benchmarks, which are local and not committed, and because they are run on one specific machine, they aren't easily comparable with other benchmarks.",[],{"_37":998,"_23":297,"_298":999,"_306":1029,"_308":309},"38cea78ab58e",[1000,1004,1008,1012,1017,1021,1025],{"_37":1001,"_23":302,"_303":1002,"_174":1003},"7b7c4e7d5b32",[],"The second problem is a lack of continuous gathering of performance data. “For example you might have ",{"_37":1005,"_23":302,"_303":1006,"_174":1007},"d838e5cbc6b8",[478],"some",{"_37":1009,"_23":302,"_303":1010,"_174":1011},"d8af76f0ab7d",[]," production performance data, like in a ",{"_37":1013,"_23":302,"_303":1014,"_174":1016},"12636c83faae",[1015,478],"50be9deb0199","continuous profiler",{"_37":1018,"_23":302,"_303":1019,"_174":1020},"fde71dd905eb",[]," or a production observability platform, but you don't have that data on a ",{"_37":1022,"_23":302,"_303":1023,"_174":1024},"4005e442e388",[478],"specific set of input data",{"_37":1026,"_23":302,"_303":1027,"_174":1028},"8f119ed625ad",[],". So essentially, you can’t really track it over time and see how it evolved. (And that’s before you introduce factors like regression.)”",[1030],{"_37":1015,"_23":49,"_400":1031},"https://www.cncf.io/blog/2022/05/31/what-is-continuous-profiling/",{"_37":1033,"_23":297,"_298":1034,"_306":1039,"_308":309},"4087baaea9eb",[1035],{"_37":1036,"_23":302,"_303":1037,"_174":1038},"c32acd003b90",[],"“This is the first problem we solved. Then we quickly figured out that people don't want to spend time fixing performance issues themselves. So we went further: We built a tool to surface the problems, and now we also remediate them and improve performance.”",[],{"_37":1041,"_23":297,"_298":1042,"_306":1047,"_308":381},"ce0e00e0fb51",[1043],{"_37":1044,"_23":302,"_303":1045,"_174":1046},"441193c81385",[],"Performance Engineering Matters Everywhere, Even in OSS",[],{"_37":1049,"_23":297,"_298":1050,"_306":1055,"_308":309},"bb2297a6d512",[1051],{"_37":1052,"_23":302,"_303":1053,"_174":1054},"f41fce1ddde6",[],"Pastel notes the importance of regression analysis goes beyond massive commercial software packages and is growing in importance among the open-source community. “It is really easy to convince people building open-source projects [of the importance of performance engineering] because they’re building foundational blocks.”",[],{"_37":1057,"_23":297,"_298":1058,"_306":1072,"_308":309},"f88ab25acf30",[1059,1063,1068],{"_37":1060,"_23":302,"_303":1061,"_174":1062},"b28828bb2a92",[],"“So for example, if you introduce a regression in ",{"_37":1064,"_23":302,"_303":1065,"_174":1067},"102b83aa117a",[1066],"b04d7e3e199d","Pydantic",{"_37":1069,"_23":302,"_303":1070,"_174":1071},"f0f31b81713e",[]," (which is used by LLM providers) or in a really low-level library used everywhere, even a small performance regression will cascade everywhere.” Pastel points out that popular open-source projects are getting hammered with many more pull requests than before thanks to AI contributions, sometimes as much as 10x, which makes visibility into the performance impact of contributions extremely important for maintainers.",[1073],{"_37":1066,"_23":49,"_400":1074},"https://pydantic.dev/",{"_37":1076,"_23":297,"_298":1077,"_306":1082,"_308":309},"be8873755b7b",[1078],{"_37":1079,"_23":302,"_303":1080,"_174":1081},"2faac6905227",[],"“Otherwise, in the beginning, we primarily spoke to organizations that were really sensitive to performance changes, which might be for UX or cost of infrastructure.” Orgs running infra at scale will generally be concerned about how performance affects their cloud bill, but LLMs have introduced more variation into the quantity (and quality) of things teams can “generate.”",[],{"_37":1084,"_23":297,"_298":1085,"_306":1090,"_308":309},"de0d34ad56cd",[1086],{"_37":1087,"_23":302,"_303":1088,"_174":1089},"3014b10b95ce",[],"“If you don't have any guardrails, then your performance might get completely out of hand, and you won't realize it until you're actually running on a production database.”",[],{"_37":1092,"_23":297,"_298":1093,"_306":1098,"_308":381},"444edfe1aa2a",[1094],{"_37":1095,"_23":302,"_303":1096,"_174":1097},"3b681ed65ab8",[],"Accounting for Benchmark Noise and Memory Usage",[],{"_37":1100,"_23":297,"_298":1101,"_306":1106,"_308":309},"e125042393be",[1102],{"_37":1103,"_23":302,"_303":1104,"_174":1105},"96a10ca7fcd8",[],"Pastel explains that his team’s approach involves building a CPU simulation tool to address the 'noisy neighbors' issue of running on a shared VM whose measured performance might quietly change depending on what neighboring VMs are running. “It can be really painful, especially in overprovisioned environments like GitHub Actions and a lot of CI runners.”",[],{"_37":1108,"_23":297,"_298":1109,"_306":1114,"_308":309},"097d714999ba",[1110],{"_37":1111,"_23":302,"_303":1112,"_174":1113},"e641f14188b1",[],"He explains that a common practice to reduce costs is to overprovision instances, which can lead to extreme variations in benchmarks. “For example, you might measure something that, at one point, is 50 times lower than the baseline, yet the code doesn't change at all.”",[],{"_37":1116,"_23":297,"_298":1117,"_306":1122,"_308":309},"4ccae2b00062",[1118],{"_37":1119,"_23":302,"_303":1120,"_174":1121},"0f35b86d7918",[],"The CodSpeed team's approach is to simulate the CPU to generate a model that, while not perfect, would represent actual execution. “We give a super-fast feedback loop of how the performance changed between two versions of code. And we built it to be really portable, so you can bring it from one computer to another, one server to another, and the results will be comparable as long as you have the same architecture.”",[],{"_37":1124,"_23":297,"_298":1125,"_306":1139,"_308":309},"d107479fd115",[1126,1130,1135],{"_37":1127,"_23":302,"_303":1128,"_174":1129},"a54c159ab54b",[],"While CodSpeed works on x86 and ARM architecture, his team is actively working on bringing the project to be completely architecture-agnostic. “To do this, we forked ",{"_37":1131,"_23":302,"_303":1132,"_174":1134},"74c77ba9c5a9",[1133],"63220b1c9294","Valgrind",{"_37":1136,"_23":302,"_303":1137,"_174":1138},"9fbfdd52e32a",[],", which is a dynamic binary instrumentation tool. So instead of simulating and emulating a whole system, we integrate at the binary level, and we have some integration libraries which make it easy to build the benchmarks and the performance test.”",[1140],{"_37":1133,"_23":49,"_400":1141},"https://github.com/CodSpeedHQ/valgrind-codspeed",{"_37":1143,"_23":297,"_298":1144,"_306":1149,"_308":309},"479e57db60a2",[1145],{"_37":1146,"_23":302,"_303":1147,"_174":1148},"4b9264a6afcb",[],"Pastel explains that the initial goal was to make it as easy as possible to build performance tests so that users actually write them, as even code-level issues (like compilers mistakenly trying to remove benchmarks) can get in the way.",[],{"_37":1151,"_23":297,"_298":1152,"_306":1166,"_308":309},"5a7fc7a11c05",[1153,1157,1162],{"_37":1154,"_23":302,"_303":1155,"_174":1156},"d5abd1bc7ec9",[],"“One of the main problems here can be when you observe more macro-level phenomena. For example, let's say you have ",{"_37":1158,"_23":302,"_303":1159,"_174":1161},"a2adfffe9496",[1160],"a0c6ddec9119","thread contention",{"_37":1163,"_23":302,"_303":1164,"_174":1165},"dec3d4e86b6d",[]," with a lot of thread scheduling, in which case a simple CPU model is not always enough, though we want to push our modelization as far as possible. However, while the next steps may include having some proper isolated or bare-metal instances, at some point you still need to validate the macro behavior.”",[1167],{"_37":1160,"_23":49,"_400":1168},"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lock_(computer_science)",{"_37":1170,"_23":297,"_298":1171,"_306":1176,"_308":309},"ca4866afc5f1",[1172],{"_37":1173,"_23":302,"_303":1174,"_174":1175},"96701f3c05b8",[],"“On top of simulation, you sometimes need to measure on real hardware. We have actual physical instances that we can provision on demand in isolated data centers where we can measure performance,” says Pastel. Even physical concerns like the height and location of your server within a data center can yield completely different performance patterns.",[],{"_37":1178,"_23":297,"_298":1179,"_306":1184,"_308":309},"d39d35a505d4",[1180],{"_37":1181,"_23":302,"_303":1182,"_174":1183},"69b022354115",[],"“The idea is that using CodSpeed, if you have a GitHub Actions workflow, with just one line, you can get an actual physical instance that's dedicated to you, without paying thousands per month just for dedicated hardware. We share those costs and make it affordable.”",[],{"_37":1186,"_23":297,"_298":1187,"_306":1192,"_308":309},"037db073e122",[1188],{"_37":1189,"_23":302,"_303":1190,"_174":1191},"04fba0809454",[],"“The last instrument, because our idea is really to build an ecosystem of instruments that can be plugged to your code, is the memory measurement instrument, which we built because we also had a lot of people complain about memory consumption. Often, if you optimize for speed, it will be a trade-off and you will just consume more memory. Depending on what you do, reducing your memory footprint may also be a requirement.”",[],{"_37":1194,"_23":297,"_298":1195,"_306":1216,"_308":309},"27d2bc3121ff",[1196,1200,1204,1208,1212],{"_37":1197,"_23":302,"_303":1198,"_174":1199},"de2fee4a33f7",[],"“Memory shifted our thesis a bit to be more about optimizing ",{"_37":1201,"_23":302,"_303":1202,"_174":1203},"93a292624b44",[478],"performance",{"_37":1205,"_23":302,"_303":1206,"_174":1207},"8687da399590",[],", which we define as the amount of ",{"_37":1209,"_23":302,"_303":1210,"_174":1211},"9479f3d29582",[478],"resources",{"_37":1213,"_23":302,"_303":1214,"_174":1215},"a1c6e4164c45",[]," you use. So your goals might be optimizing for disk or network usage, and ours is to help you optimize your software to reduce the footprint it consumes within your own system.”",[],{"_37":1218,"_23":297,"_298":1219,"_306":1224,"_308":309},"e2d4208cf474",[1220],{"_37":1221,"_23":302,"_303":1222,"_174":1223},"07c6e7ebfbbd",[],"“If you introduce a regression in...a really low-level library used everywhere, even a small performance regression will cascade everywhere. If you don't have any guardrails, then your performance might get completely out of hand, and you won't realize it until you're actually running on a production database.” -Arthur Pastel, Founder/CodSpeed",[],{"_37":1226,"_23":297,"_298":1227,"_306":1232,"_308":381},"f8a7e0bea5a8",[1228],{"_37":1229,"_23":302,"_303":1230,"_174":1231},"e44bbfbed9df",[],"How Technical Leads Should Think About Performance Engineering",[],{"_37":1234,"_23":297,"_298":1235,"_306":1240,"_308":309},"3e3b2bdc59a7",[1236],{"_37":1237,"_23":302,"_303":1238,"_174":1239},"00be9589e1f7",[],"Pastel breaks down the value of performance engineering for orgs into a few layers. “First, performance issues might just be hiding some bugs, possibly due to an algorithm not being properly implemented.” Code correctness can therefore be part of performance management, as can making sure the resulting complexity of an algorithm is what was intended.",[],{"_37":1242,"_23":297,"_298":1243,"_306":1248,"_308":309},"d360fcc263c9",[1244],{"_37":1245,"_23":302,"_303":1246,"_174":1247},"0295c7cffaf4",[],"“Then, if everything runs faster, then you need fewer servers and less compute to run something, which means you cut your costs, which is one key benefit.” Pastel observes that orgs running cloud infra at scale generally prefer tools that are fast and don’t overconsume memory, which is why teams he works with often optimize for speed first, then memory usage second after they start comparing memory footprints.",[],{"_37":1250,"_23":297,"_298":1251,"_306":1256,"_308":309},"b84cdea6b6bd",[1252],{"_37":1253,"_23":302,"_303":1254,"_174":1255},"9ab6581e6d19",[],"Lastly, performance engineering can directly affect user experience. “Depending on what you ship, whether it’s a Web application, even if it’s a backend server or something, the overall latency of your program will define a lot of the user experience. As long as there is a user interaction involved, UX can be improved because you can make things faster.”",[],{"_37":1258,"_23":297,"_298":1259,"_306":1264,"_308":309},"448759277c63",[1260],{"_37":1261,"_23":302,"_303":1262,"_174":1263},"1b1f2d589a9a",[],"Pastel gives examples of how CodSpeed helps front-end teams detect performance regressions in CSS rendering, as well as optimizing at the kernel level and with JS execution. “There are many things that can be optimized to just make the overall experience for the end user way more pleasant, which is something that's pretty important as well.”",[],{"_37":1266,"_23":297,"_298":1267,"_306":1272,"_308":309},"f87eb9d560e6",[1268],{"_37":1269,"_23":302,"_303":1270,"_174":1271},"1f39eb68ee8f",[],"For teams building software, performance engineering also provides multiple benefits. “First, with AI, you’re shipping more code than ever now. You're spending much more time reviewing, so you have much less time to focus on performance. And the idea is that, at first, you need guardrails on the most important parts of your application, whether that’s the time it takes to load a full page, or to perform the most basic interaction on your server via your back end.”",[],{"_37":1274,"_23":297,"_298":1275,"_306":1280,"_308":309},"4fe4881a69b4",[1276],{"_37":1277,"_23":302,"_303":1278,"_174":1279},"06e0d616b54c",[],"Pastel argues that as software teams have less time and resources to devote to improving the performance of their products, they at least need some kind of background job optimizing performance. He points out that developers now generate and review code with LLMs, but even frontier models have no runtime performance signal, neither in their training data nor as feedback when they generate code. They can't measure the code they generate, so they're left to guess at what performant software actually looks like.",[],{"_37":1282,"_23":297,"_298":1283,"_306":1288,"_308":309},"b3f3fb752947",[1284],{"_37":1285,"_23":302,"_303":1286,"_174":1287},"55c6acd14a62",[],"“What LLMs need is a proper harness to measure performance, which is what we've built. We initially built this for humans, but now it works for agents as well. Essentially, we help the agents build a really simple harness around any kind of code, any kind of language, then let them query the data in a proper format.”",[],{"_37":1290,"_23":297,"_298":1291,"_306":1296,"_308":309},"eb829686460b",[1292],{"_37":1293,"_23":302,"_303":1294,"_174":1295},"21e4735f443f",[],"Agents don’t collect or consume performance data in the same way humans do, but the team still needs to surface them for users. As a result, they developed an MCP server, a CLI, and skills to let users run their own auto-research loop, to minimize the cognitive burden on already-overstretched development teams.",[],{"_37":1298,"_23":297,"_298":1299,"_306":1304,"_308":381},"edacbda90c6c",[1300],{"_37":1301,"_23":302,"_303":1302,"_174":1303},"c58651cdcf79",[],"Why Aren’t Agents Already Doing This Stuff?",[],{"_37":1306,"_23":297,"_298":1307,"_306":1312,"_308":309},"4ba28e4535df",[1308],{"_37":1309,"_23":302,"_303":1310,"_174":1311},"75ce7e3b798c",[],"Pastel suggests gaps in today’s agentic tooling and infrastructure that prevent them from being proper guardians of software performance. “CodSpeed can run on open-source software and the tools we built in sandboxes in a super-cheap way. But agents would still need to interpret and aggregate the data, which is the first tricky part.” He points out that optimization work is hypothesis-driven. Even the world's foremost performance experts form a hypothesis from an observed code pattern, write the change, and validate it by measuring. Agents need that same measurement loop.",[],{"_37":1314,"_23":297,"_298":1315,"_306":1320,"_308":309},"1d5e2c19a65f",[1316],{"_37":1317,"_23":302,"_303":1318,"_174":1319},"0056172ff12a",[],"“But then, there’s also a whole infrastructure play, which is much harder. You need to have isolated machines to run more-macro tasks.” Pastel explains that CodSpeed operates a fleet of bare-metal machines tuned for measurement stability spanning various hardware configurations, architectures (x86, ARM), and GPUs. Agents can request an instance on demand and run benchmarks in a completely isolated environment, on the hardware that matches their production target.",[],{"_37":1322,"_23":297,"_298":1323,"_306":1328,"_308":309},"9fd19fa52749",[1324],{"_37":1325,"_23":302,"_303":1326,"_174":1327},"0744a7f99b8e",[],"Pastel also believes that the evolving economics of compute resources is constraining something that technical teams used to not consider a constraint at all: Available memory. “Just getting RAM now is getting harder. We never really took the time to optimize software in the past because it was super-easy to say, ‘My software is consuming a lot of RAM, but people will just get laptops with more memory, so it's completely fine. Same with CPUs; if things were a bit slow, you would just get a bigger instance.”",[],{"_37":1330,"_23":297,"_298":1331,"_306":1336,"_308":309},"9b9a3d8c35aa",[1332],{"_37":1333,"_23":302,"_303":1334,"_174":1335},"3295299b0f3d",[],"While there are faster CPU and GPU units in development, Pastel points out that compute and RAM are becoming scarcer and more expensive, requiring teams to treat them as constrained resources and focus on performance.",[],{"_37":1338,"_23":297,"_298":1339,"_306":1353,"_308":309},"3f248f3968e4",[1340,1344,1349],{"_37":1341,"_23":302,"_303":1342,"_174":1343},"803ee853c83f",[],"For decades, ",{"_37":1345,"_23":302,"_303":1346,"_174":1348},"225d51b3461c",[1347],"a790aec0885a","Moore's Law",{"_37":1350,"_23":302,"_303":1351,"_174":1352},"8d6871da5166",[]," meant slow software could wait for faster hardware. That escape hatch is closing. As hardware gains slow down, performance has to come from the software itself.",[1354],{"_37":1347,"_23":49,"_400":1355},"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore%27s_law",{"_37":1357,"_23":297,"_298":1358,"_306":1363,"_308":309},"2ae83e65cbb0",[1359],{"_37":1360,"_23":302,"_303":1361,"_174":1362},"1986703dd040",[],"“We never really took the time to optimize software in the past because it was super-easy to say, ‘My software is consuming a lot of RAM, but people will just get laptops with more memory, so it's completely fine. Same with CPUs; if things were a bit slow, you would just get a bigger instance.”",[],{"_37":1365,"_23":297,"_298":1366,"_306":1371,"_308":381},"ef2fea10b355",[1367],{"_37":1368,"_23":302,"_303":1369,"_174":1370},"7bee21debc47",[],"How Founders Should Approach Performance Engineering",[],{"_37":1373,"_23":297,"_298":1374,"_306":1379,"_308":309},"ece28a5fe442",[1375],{"_37":1376,"_23":302,"_303":1377,"_174":1378},"504bd310f3d1",[],"For startup founders, Pastel notes that agents can process thousands of times more data than humans in the same time period, which means that both your startup’s agents, and those of your customers, could be dragged down significantly by performance regressions.",[],{"_37":1381,"_23":297,"_298":1382,"_306":1387,"_308":309},"8d6b62abaae9",[1383],{"_37":1384,"_23":302,"_303":1385,"_174":1386},"82f2cfcc5a76",[],"Pragmatically, he admits that performance engineering may not be a priority in the very earliest stages of a software startup. “Performance might be taken as an afterthought in the beginning, and it’s fine to [focus on building] a simple MVP, because first you want to validate that there is a need for your product.”",[],{"_37":1389,"_23":297,"_298":1390,"_306":1395,"_308":309},"d8ae37b85da4",[1391],{"_37":1392,"_23":302,"_303":1393,"_174":1394},"3f8ac580e5a1",[],"However, the AI era has created another wrinkle that makes performance significantly more important, especially in competitive spaces. “For customers you hope will adopt and actually keep using your product, migrating from one thing to another has become super-cheap. Essentially, you can just have an agent tasked to migrate from one solution to another. I think this is why a lot of SaaS products are at risk, because we don’t have the strong lock-in and switching costs we had before.”",[],{"_37":1397,"_23":297,"_298":1398,"_306":1403,"_308":309},"1880e1423ee5",[1399],{"_37":1400,"_23":302,"_303":1401,"_174":1402},"9ef7b647239d",[],"“So, performance is still a key differentiator, especially when you think about adoption and retention. It’s still a big deal in my opinion.”",[],{"_37":1405,"_23":297,"_298":1406,"_306":1411,"_308":381},"94bb15e73426",[1407],{"_37":1408,"_23":302,"_303":1409,"_174":1410},"df2d695915ea",[],"Performance Engineering in the Enterprise",[],{"_37":1413,"_23":297,"_298":1414,"_306":1419,"_308":309},"48de66ec734d",[1415],{"_37":1416,"_23":302,"_303":1417,"_174":1418},"12ec2a91e530",[],"Pastel sees performance engineering as only becoming more important for enterprises, especially on the infrastructure side at scale. “Enterprises have already realized the margin gains they can get from optimizing their software. We see adoption growing today, and it will only accelerate in the future.”",[],{"_37":1421,"_23":297,"_298":1422,"_306":1427,"_308":309},"4200ff333d52",[1423],{"_37":1424,"_23":302,"_303":1425,"_174":1426},"61c4e9dc311a",[],"He also argues that the advent of new AI tooling is helping orgs shift performance left as well. “Previously, performance would come down to, ‘We’ll see what happens in production.’ And if there was an outage, someone would wake up at night and try to fix it. Now we see more and more AI SRE companies that fix such issues, rather than having someone being paged to wake up in the middle of the night.”",[],{"_37":1429,"_23":297,"_298":1430,"_306":1435,"_308":309},"ead50f7ffebf",[1431],{"_37":1432,"_23":302,"_303":1433,"_174":1434},"1307a6025a4b",[],"“We’re building something to fix issues before they even happen, which we believe is better, because you don't want agents doing stuff in your production instances when you are an enterprise. If you can catch issues before production, you can validate with a human before anything happens.”",[],{"_37":1437,"_23":297,"_298":1438,"_306":1442,"_308":309},"5582e922a855",[1439],{"_37":1440,"_23":302,"_303":1441,"_174":875},"80a3f7a72cd0",[],[],{"_37":1444,"_23":297,"_298":1445,"_306":1450,"_308":309},"6c262b4fa33e",[1446],{"_37":1447,"_23":302,"_303":1448,"_174":1449},"f23922f63840",[],"“It just happens in a much more natural cycle, rather than thinking, ‘Okay, there is a fire, I will try to fix the fire, push in production again, and iterate with a super-long development cycle.’ With agents, we really can ship in minutes while before, especially for enterprises, the release cycle might take weeks, if not months.”",[],{"_37":1452,"_23":297,"_298":1453,"_306":1458,"_308":381},"ad2a6186b6a0",[1454],{"_37":1455,"_23":302,"_303":1456,"_174":1457},"9058d401ee0a",[],"How Will Performance Engineering Fit into the Future Stack?",[],{"_37":1460,"_23":297,"_298":1461,"_306":1474,"_308":309},"9fa996a775e7",[1462,1466,1470],{"_37":1463,"_23":302,"_303":1464,"_174":1465},"e7f74931ae87",[],"Pastel is confident performance engineering won’t be going anywhere. “You can't train models to optimize performance ",{"_37":1467,"_23":302,"_303":1468,"_174":1469},"dca552e6a603",[478],"by design",{"_37":1471,"_23":302,"_303":1472,"_174":1473},"3a9bb2029a84",[],". Performance depends on what you actually run in production: Your data, your infrastructure, your product goals. That context has to be measured, not learned.”",[],{"_37":1476,"_23":297,"_298":1477,"_306":1482,"_308":309},"b07b4897e3bc",[1478],{"_37":1479,"_23":302,"_303":1480,"_174":1481},"79ce4e60bcac",[],"The founder is skeptical that even a perfect agentic future will account for all the potential outcomes of performance engineering, even if agents eventually come to possess all the right tools to communicate and validate performance changes. “Even if we manage to have some super-optimized languages, and we have new state-of-the-art models that allow us to have some crazy breakthrough to do a lot of optimization, there is still the structure of the code, which will still be an issue and cannot be optimized by a compiler.”",[],{"_37":1484,"_23":297,"_298":1485,"_306":1490,"_308":309},"dd018f820ad3",[1486],{"_37":1487,"_23":302,"_303":1488,"_174":1489},"9984944127f1",[],"Pastel suggests that performance engineering, like security, will be a discipline that may never become out of date. “It won't disappear because you still need to have guardrails and things to make sure that your app is [performant] and consuming the least amount of resources possible. This problem is not ‘done.’”",[],19,"321717a4-841b-4ccd-85d7-88d8971bb67a","2026-07-21T17:09:00.000Z","early-detection-for-ai-performance-engineering","Is Early Detection the Key to AI Performance Engineering?",{"_316":1497,"_326":1977,"_149":-5,"_329":1978,"_331":1979,"_333":1980,"_32":1981,"_336":883},[1498,1506,1536,1548,1556,1586,1594,1602,1610,1618,1626,1634,1642,1650,1658,1666,1674,1682,1690,1706,1714,1722,1730,1761,1780,1796,1804,1818,1826,1834,1850,1873,1889,1897,1905,1913,1921,1929,1937,1953],{"_37":1499,"_23":297,"_298":1500,"_306":1505,"_308":381},"001b0ccadb3e",[1501],{"_37":1502,"_23":302,"_303":1503,"_174":1504},"67d3f91c04f6",[],"Does AEO/GEO Matter More or Less than SEO?",[],{"_37":1507,"_23":297,"_298":1508,"_306":1531,"_308":309},"60b1f8455224",[1509,1513,1518,1522,1527],{"_37":1510,"_23":302,"_303":1511,"_174":1512},"d3fc717352ba",[],"It’s easy to find many deeply unhelpful statistics about the changing state of developer marketing. For instance, ",{"_37":1514,"_23":302,"_303":1515,"_174":1517},"426b3253e696",[1516],"06e040a9ca04","33%",{"_37":1519,"_23":302,"_303":1520,"_174":1521},"b651c1fc3042",[]," of internet users reportedly discover new brands via internet search, yet Google AI overviews have apparently reduced clicks to top search results by ",{"_37":1523,"_23":302,"_303":1524,"_174":1526},"cebde42e17a5",[1525],"2963053a4dc8","58%",{"_37":1528,"_23":302,"_303":1529,"_174":1530},"10d10205779d",[],".",[1532,1534],{"_37":1516,"_23":49,"_400":1533},"https://www.hubspot.com/marketing-statistics",{"_37":1525,"_23":49,"_400":1535},"https://ahrefs.com/blog/ai-overviews-reduce-clicks-update/",{"_37":1537,"_23":297,"_298":1538,"_306":1547,"_308":309},"77f6af26bb2d",[1539,1543],{"_37":1540,"_23":302,"_303":1541,"_174":1542},"5adfd346696d",[],"So what does any of that ",{"_37":1544,"_23":302,"_303":1545,"_174":1546},"74dc6036ef9f",[478],"even mean?",[],{"_37":1549,"_23":297,"_298":1550,"_306":1555,"_308":309},"10dcaf80b462",[1551],{"_37":1552,"_23":302,"_303":1553,"_174":1554},"ddbf3f1af69b",[],"Has SEO become worthless for startups? Has visibility in AI overviews (known as AI overview optimization, or AIO) or in LLM results, also known as generative engine optimization (GEO) or Answer Engine Optimization (AEO) replaced it as the most important way to sell developer tools?",[],{"_37":1557,"_23":297,"_298":1558,"_306":1581,"_308":309},"04d38123b2a7",[1559,1563,1568,1572,1577],{"_37":1560,"_23":302,"_303":1561,"_174":1562},"15cd15d82989",[],"Developer content expert ",{"_37":1564,"_23":302,"_303":1565,"_174":1567},"ba9f56db8913",[1566],"115d912770bc","Adam DuVander",{"_37":1569,"_23":302,"_303":1570,"_174":1571},"73b106f9868c",[]," suggests that the numbers and rankings don’t necessarily correlate to value for your startup, especially if you haven’t positioned your company correctly. While he built the website ",{"_37":1573,"_23":302,"_303":1574,"_174":1576},"9daec010ae68",[1575],"d02398b5bf69","LLMRank.fyi",{"_37":1578,"_23":302,"_303":1579,"_174":1580},"7ec8ce43bf93",[]," to help founders get a point-in-time sense of their visibility in LLMs, he argues that before even looking at rankings, founders should focus on strategy first.",[1582,1584],{"_37":1566,"_23":49,"_400":1583},"https://www.linkedin.com/in/duvander/",{"_37":1575,"_23":49,"_400":1585},"https://www.llmrank.fyi",{"_37":1587,"_23":297,"_298":1588,"_306":1593,"_308":381},"64a46cf7ebc3",[1589],{"_37":1590,"_23":302,"_303":1591,"_174":1592},"be681a2671e8",[],"Understanding What LLM Rankings Are (and Aren’t)",[],{"_37":1595,"_23":297,"_298":1596,"_306":1601,"_308":309},"2d2939c41295",[1597],{"_37":1598,"_23":302,"_303":1599,"_174":1600},"ebf2934afb5d",[],"DuVander suggests that the website is the result of work he was already doing with his clients, startups that are, unsurprisingly, concerned about how highly they rank in LLM responses when users ask about products in their space. “We can see how these [rankings] change and when they don't. And I think both of those are interesting.”",[],{"_37":1603,"_23":297,"_298":1604,"_306":1609,"_308":309},"78a336f8a859",[1605],{"_37":1606,"_23":302,"_303":1607,"_174":1608},"6dafba88ce26",[],"The content expert also cautions against overindexing on any single data point, as LLM results are still mercurial and non-deterministic. “I heard a story of a startup on a retreat, where the team all opened up their laptops and typed in queries about their product into their favorite LLM, all writing different prompts from their individual points of view. And of course, they all ended up with different answers there.”",[],{"_37":1611,"_23":297,"_298":1612,"_306":1617,"_308":309},"f292ef0cf3b3",[1613],{"_37":1614,"_23":302,"_303":1615,"_174":1616},"14aabbd9a47a",[],"“As much as we all wish that a developer would type in the words that are in the H1 on our homepage, they often don't. (That's a whole other topic, because you should be able to use your website’s H1 to speak to that developer audience.) But the ‘good news,’ if you can call it that, is that [LLM visibility] is on a long timeframe. If you’ve worked in SEO, you’re used to long timeframes, but this is potentially longer.”",[],{"_37":1619,"_23":297,"_298":1620,"_306":1625,"_308":309},"3c6472638151",[1621],{"_37":1622,"_23":302,"_303":1623,"_174":1624},"dc6d89ad6784",[],"The content expert suggests that while LLM visibility takes time, it may be a good idea to start looking into the topic, but not to simply index on how highly their own products rank. Comparing differentials against competitors, particularly between different types of prompts, can highlight opportunities for improvement.",[],{"_37":1627,"_23":297,"_298":1628,"_306":1633,"_308":309},"5447288e65fc",[1629],{"_37":1630,"_23":302,"_303":1631,"_174":1632},"cdb1fad778a8",[],"“The more interesting questions are: Where are you ranked above the companies that you consider to be your competitors? And where are they ranked above you? If you look back at the language for those, you can start to see narratives or gaps. Maybe this [prompt] was about a particular feature or a use case, and you're doing ‘better’ there.”",[],{"_37":1635,"_23":297,"_298":1636,"_306":1641,"_308":309},"6d8effe44f8e",[1637],{"_37":1638,"_23":302,"_303":1639,"_174":1640},"cb74390b49ef",[],"“That means that you likely have put in some effort there, possibly from content on your site. It might be outreach to devs, or devs who are talking about you positively in this area. And then there are prompts where you don't show up at all: Potential areas to fill with the same sorts of activity that you're already doing.”",[],{"_37":1643,"_23":297,"_298":1644,"_306":1649,"_308":309},"e1ffd04cd661",[1645],{"_37":1646,"_23":302,"_303":1647,"_174":1648},"000ec60c0ed5",[],"Are LLMs simply a new marketing channel? “From the standpoint of: ‘We know that devs are using this to ask these questions, get recommendations, and potentially make decisions, all before they see your website, if they ever do, sure. But everything that goes into that recommendation are all the other channels that you already are working on: Your blog, documentation, and work in the community. What your DevRel team is putting out on GitHub. All these things are already existing channels, and this is a way to pull those together.”",[],{"_37":1651,"_23":297,"_298":1652,"_306":1657,"_308":543},"f675be4889d2",[1653],{"_37":1654,"_23":302,"_303":1655,"_174":1656},"c9f3c4e76911",[],"“[LLM visibility] is on a long timeframe. If you’ve worked in SEO, you’re used to long timeframes, but this is potentially longer.” - Adam DuVander, Founder/EveryDeveloper",[],{"_37":1659,"_23":297,"_298":1660,"_306":1665,"_308":381},"5400c6adf087",[1661],{"_37":1662,"_23":302,"_303":1663,"_174":1664},"b82949276d12",[],"Why Positioning May Matter More to LLMs than Search",[],{"_37":1667,"_23":297,"_298":1668,"_306":1673,"_308":309},"a2f093634863",[1669],{"_37":1670,"_23":302,"_303":1671,"_174":1672},"31ce4d9408e4",[],"DuVander points out the differential between scouring for keywords, the way SEO experts did with Google, and using LLM prompts. “I've seen some AEO/GEO dashboards that just include SEO keywords. But thinking like a developer, not like a marketer or an SEO, and using [developers’] words, you should think about the use cases you have. I really think this is an opportunity to look at your positioning and make sure it's super clear.”",[],{"_37":1675,"_23":297,"_298":1676,"_306":1681,"_308":309},"38533efebd9a",[1677],{"_37":1678,"_23":302,"_303":1679,"_174":1680},"87c0f20b9323",[],"“I think it's okay if you don't show up at all in some of those searches that aren't right in the wheelhouse of a tightly positioned startup for the ‘ideal dev.’ Some of that basic work of knowing who that ‘ideal dev’ is is in the minds of the founders a lot of times, but especially as the team grows...that can shift as the product changes. You should be asking: Are we still as focused on that ideal dev as we could be?”",[],{"_37":1683,"_23":297,"_298":1684,"_306":1689,"_308":309},"191a5ad66dc4",[1685],{"_37":1686,"_23":302,"_303":1687,"_174":1688},"f874bf3567df",[],"The content expert also notes what appears to be a semantic difference between SEO and AEO/GEO. In SEO, traditionally, the goal was to rank highly for a core keyword, which would then generally ensure ranking for any derivative sub-keywords. Ranking #1 for the term “data pipelines” would generally mean you would tend to rank well for associated keywords like “data sources” or “data ingestion.”",[],{"_37":1691,"_23":297,"_298":1692,"_306":1705,"_308":309},"3656127c1a52",[1693,1697,1701],{"_37":1694,"_23":302,"_303":1695,"_174":1696},"8b2d49d60685",[],"“That seems to be less of the case for AEO/GEO, since context is so important to an LLM. Add a couple of words to your prompt, and that changes the context. Now, you might be completely absent from sub-keyword LLM searches. And actually think that’s a good thing for founders who are positioning themselves in a way that differentiates them from another startup that might seem to be a ‘leader.’ It’s an opportunity to be able to kind of own that ‘zone’ and that positioning. SEO might have made that ",{"_37":1698,"_23":302,"_303":1699,"_174":1700},"b7f710530432",[478],"harder",{"_37":1702,"_23":302,"_303":1703,"_174":1704},"a572eaf8a945",[]," to do. The LLMs seem to be more willing to open that window.”",[],{"_37":1707,"_23":297,"_298":1708,"_306":1713,"_308":381},"4a2a41858fc5",[1709],{"_37":1710,"_23":302,"_303":1711,"_174":1712},"65f65fe8049c",[],"What Should Founders Do First? LLMs.txt, Markdown, Content",[],{"_37":1715,"_23":297,"_298":1716,"_306":1721,"_308":309},"f9bcd1b4bdd5",[1717],{"_37":1718,"_23":302,"_303":1719,"_174":1720},"1be8119d5f81",[],"The content expert recommends that founders start out by recording their visibility in LLMs over time to build a baseline of data they can use to compare. “From within there, some of those gaps will point to areas you'll want to try to fill. That’s assuming that you're running these prompts multiple times and you feel confident the results are coming from ‘developer language.’”",[],{"_37":1723,"_23":297,"_298":1724,"_306":1729,"_308":309},"f77bf0403b07",[1725],{"_37":1726,"_23":302,"_303":1727,"_174":1728},"d441ceafee6a",[],"“I know there are still a lot of questions about LLMs.txt and whether AI uses it. To me, one of the benefits of that is how teams can get on the same page about what they’re putting forward, and which things matter. So I think creating [a LLMs.txt file] that has categories that really show some thought put into it is worth doing.”",[],{"_37":1731,"_23":297,"_298":1732,"_306":1760,"_308":309},"1f7d9836966b",[1733,1737,1741,1745,1749,1753,1757],{"_37":1734,"_23":302,"_303":1735,"_174":1736},"c1a1896cdaa5",[],"“If we're just talking about automating something that essentially looks like a site map? And I've also seen some teams just dump all their blog posts in a giant list. I don't think that is very valuable at all because it doesn't show that you've pointed toward a particular area. In everything you're doing, you should be looking to give those signals about ",{"_37":1738,"_23":302,"_303":1739,"_174":1740},"0611f1c57ee4",[478],"what matters",{"_37":1742,"_23":302,"_303":1743,"_174":1744},"0b0502231b4e",[]," because if it ",{"_37":1746,"_23":302,"_303":1747,"_174":1748},"c400cee1f68d",[478],"all matters",{"_37":1750,"_23":302,"_303":1751,"_174":1752},"77bcdc3a3a61",[],", we know that ",{"_37":1754,"_23":302,"_303":1755,"_174":1756},"584bfa24b480",[478],"nothing matters",{"_37":1758,"_23":302,"_303":1759,"_174":766},"11dcef2f4a21",[],[],{"_37":1762,"_23":297,"_298":1763,"_306":1777,"_308":309},"4c6179888389",[1764,1768,1773],{"_37":1765,"_23":302,"_303":1766,"_174":1767},"1052712a7084",[],"DuVander recommends thinking through website use cases where human interactions are still important. “What are the ways that you can streamline the process for [a human visitor] to get back to their agent that has maybe made this recommendation.” The content expert notes that adding markdown is a specific step founders can take to make their content LLM-readable, the way ",{"_37":1769,"_23":302,"_303":1770,"_174":1772},"2488c666638c",[1771],"4aae848e0e0d","Stripe",{"_37":1774,"_23":302,"_303":1775,"_174":1776},"bf99691dd205",[]," does for its documentation site.",[1778],{"_37":1771,"_23":49,"_400":1779},"https://docs.stripe.com/",{"_37":1781,"_23":297,"_298":1782,"_306":1795,"_308":309},"04d4c870d7e2",[1783,1787,1791],{"_37":1784,"_23":302,"_303":1785,"_174":1786},"0339c8259083",[],"Going forward, DuVander then recommends founders look at the potential gaps they’ve identified and build a plan to fill them in. “If this is a positioning issue where you're not showing up as highly as you would expect to, then I think you should make that a focus. You could have a series of blog posts or other content about that topic. Make a campaign of it. Don't just say, ‘OK, we'll make our ",{"_37":1788,"_23":302,"_303":1789,"_174":1790},"5a019331054a",[478],"one definitive page",{"_37":1792,"_23":302,"_303":1793,"_174":1794},"ae0bfe5c606a",[]," and be done with it.’”",[],{"_37":1797,"_23":297,"_298":1798,"_306":1803,"_308":309},"3c11d472a046",[1799],{"_37":1800,"_23":302,"_303":1801,"_174":1802},"673fb9f35e88",[],"The content expert clarifies that making progress against LLM queries where startups are underrepresented may require a continuous drumbeat of content and campaigns going across different channels, whether they be blogs, podcasts, hackathons, or other activities.",[],{"_37":1805,"_23":297,"_298":1806,"_306":1817,"_308":543},"3853a0b06d65",[1807,1811,1814],{"_37":1808,"_23":302,"_303":1809,"_174":1810},"f8613e5d2387",[],"“If this is a positioning issue where you're not showing up as highly as you would expect to, then...you should make that a focus. Make a campaign of it. Don't just say, ‘We'll make our ",{"_37":1812,"_23":302,"_303":1813,"_174":1790},"a777210a6916",[478],{"_37":1815,"_23":302,"_303":1816,"_174":1794},"223abb710ba2",[],[],{"_37":1819,"_23":297,"_298":1820,"_306":1825,"_308":381},"d045512b3f0e",[1821],{"_37":1822,"_23":302,"_303":1823,"_174":1824},"86b291133f1b",[],"How to Think About Rankings in Competitive Spaces",[],{"_37":1827,"_23":297,"_298":1828,"_306":1833,"_308":309},"642d90854e7c",[1829],{"_37":1830,"_23":302,"_303":1831,"_174":1832},"718af62fde67",[],"DuVander admits that, like with SEO, AEO/GEO visibility against monolithic competitors can be challenging. “First, I’d recommend thinking about timelines, because it may take months or quarters to be able to really see any movements [in your rank] if you're invisible now. Having a super-entrenched competitor seems like it might still be as big a deal as being the top SEO result.”",[],{"_37":1835,"_23":297,"_298":1836,"_306":1849,"_308":309},"11ed23334654",[1837,1841,1845],{"_37":1838,"_23":302,"_303":1839,"_174":1840},"4d979aa7abd9",[],"For startups going head-to-head against tough competition, the content expert recommends digging deeper into areas where founders can make traction. “I would make sure I knew the use cases where we could win against that competitor. And I’d want to make sure it wasn’t just ",{"_37":1842,"_23":302,"_303":1843,"_174":1844},"73d9ace02927",[478],"us",{"_37":1846,"_23":302,"_303":1847,"_174":1848},"34da3678d704",[]," saying that. Talking to developers, you can find there might be plenty of community chatter on places like Reddit, not even necessarily about your startup or your competitors, but just about the use cases.”",[],{"_37":1851,"_23":297,"_298":1852,"_306":1872,"_308":309},"eeb1cf7266a3",[1853,1857,1861,1865,1868],{"_37":1854,"_23":302,"_303":1855,"_174":1856},"36c1aef788fd",[],"DuVander clarifies that Reddit (and every other community channel) isn’t a magic silver bullet, and reminds founders that such communities are often hostile to blatant promotion. “These channels have existed ",{"_37":1858,"_23":302,"_303":1859,"_174":1860},"6a6da85c3e14",[478],"before ",{"_37":1862,"_23":302,"_303":1863,"_174":1864},"b4328316baa0",[],"LLMs and I think that it matters where your audience ",{"_37":1866,"_23":302,"_303":1867,"_174":729},"da805e0e4bf5",[478],{"_37":1869,"_23":302,"_303":1870,"_174":1871},"9b18c707fd91",[],". So if your audience is on Reddit and discussing it, yes, they won’t like it if you come in and talk about your products. But your own community might be talking there.”",[],{"_37":1874,"_23":297,"_298":1875,"_306":1888,"_308":309},"29c220dcd6cb",[1876,1880,1884],{"_37":1877,"_23":302,"_303":1878,"_174":1879},"daaa3bcfa4ac",[],"The content expert suggests that one approach to community spaces is to highlight projects your community has worked on, such as by sharing projects they’ve successfully built using your platform. “But also, you should be looking at places that ",{"_37":1881,"_23":302,"_303":1882,"_174":1883},"8e505fb60028",[478],"aren't ",{"_37":1885,"_23":302,"_303":1886,"_174":1887},"cd72c2ddeb62",[],"Reddit, since your audience might be hanging out in other places.”",[],{"_37":1890,"_23":297,"_298":1891,"_306":1896,"_308":309},"7ef98a9c01a7",[1892],{"_37":1893,"_23":302,"_303":1894,"_174":1895},"8dd9da877b97",[],"DuVander explains that rather than fixating on being everywhere, a better strategy is to find the few channels that matter most for your community. Particularly for smaller teams that don’t have the bandwidth to try to conquer Reddit and Hacker News and Product Hunt and Dev.to (and all the rest).",[],{"_37":1898,"_23":297,"_298":1899,"_306":1904,"_308":381},"375416d38eac",[1900],{"_37":1901,"_23":302,"_303":1902,"_174":1903},"5670aaee4009",[],"Preparing for the Future: Meeting Devs Where They Live",[],{"_37":1906,"_23":297,"_298":1907,"_306":1912,"_308":309},"be2d32ed72f0",[1908],{"_37":1909,"_23":302,"_303":1910,"_174":1911},"aca60f0a5ec3",[],"DuVander suggests that on some level, marketing may matter more than ever in the age of LLMs. “The big thing that has changed is that the workflow of most developers has changed. So this isn’t just about ‘another channel where you could be recommended,’ which would be a different conversation. But despite the changes, I don’t think established channels go away.”",[],{"_37":1914,"_23":297,"_298":1915,"_306":1920,"_308":309},"c5958fab9567",[1916],{"_37":1917,"_23":302,"_303":1918,"_174":1919},"3abc166b2a82",[],"“You still want to show up when the developers search. When they go to Google, maybe they get a recommendation in one window and they think, ‘Let me see about that.’ There are still devs who are going to be doing their research and wanting to make sure that they're making an informed decision.”",[],{"_37":1922,"_23":297,"_298":1923,"_306":1928,"_308":309},"2ea669415724",[1924],{"_37":1925,"_23":302,"_303":1926,"_174":1927},"9c0d7e10490d",[],"“Yes, if they trust this LLM to write code, they probably trust it to make recommendations too. But yeah, they're going to still be doing those other things: Going to conferences and hackathons. Classic DevRel sorts of places. From the conversations I've had, it's much more gearing around marketing now: Being able to build that authority and trust with the audience that is needed to show up in the LLMs and be recommended.”",[],{"_37":1930,"_23":297,"_298":1931,"_306":1936,"_308":309},"525632818f08",[1932],{"_37":1933,"_23":302,"_303":1934,"_174":1935},"49d943f49901",[],"The content expert also suggests thinking ahead to the next step: The deep, in-the-weeds context that’s already contained within the agentic tools developers work with every day, and the hidden opportunities to partner with related communities. “What else is true in that developer's context and that moment? They are in their own codebase. The agent knows the languages and tools they're using.”",[],{"_37":1938,"_23":297,"_298":1939,"_306":1952,"_308":309},"c3a4849636f3",[1940,1944,1948],{"_37":1941,"_23":302,"_303":1942,"_174":1943},"977d6c64d2bb",[],"“I think that's an underexplored area. You’re not just getting to a use case, but also: What language is someone building in when they do this? What other tools are there? So those are our partnership opportunities [for those other tools]. Which goes back to the idea that everything old is new again. These aren't ",{"_37":1945,"_23":302,"_303":1946,"_174":1947},"e6b7343247ba",[478],"new ",{"_37":1949,"_23":302,"_303":1950,"_174":1951},"f88ca8e61ab7",[],"ideas, but it's about framing things in a way that is aware of what a developer’s context is, and what their agents’ context is.”",[],{"_37":1954,"_23":297,"_298":1955,"_306":1976,"_308":309},"28773c7ba221",[1956,1960,1964,1968,1972],{"_37":1957,"_23":302,"_303":1958,"_174":1959},"7a923150296c",[],"“I’m thinking about partnerships with other [complementary] tools that would make sense alongside yours. If both companies are talking about the use case, and their devs are talking about it, you start to build a lot of the training for that. LLMs now see these two connected together: They see ‘Your Product ",{"_37":1961,"_23":302,"_303":1962,"_174":1963},"332fc1249adb",[478],"with Python",{"_37":1965,"_23":302,"_303":1966,"_174":1967},"be663eb2f287",[],",’ or ‘Your Product ",{"_37":1969,"_23":302,"_303":1970,"_174":1971},"dbb508ba5393",[478],"with Rust",{"_37":1973,"_23":302,"_303":1974,"_174":1975},"f458c896c4f0",[],".’ And the LLMs are more likely to make that recommendation if it's from that context of knowing the language that developer is using. So that's I think an underexplored area, taking not just the use case, which already is a slice of the larger approach, but going even further.”",[],14,"7d5a5809-8567-44ed-bbbe-5db2234c41d3","2026-07-20T20:23:00.000Z","aeo-geo-seo-differences-and-why-they-matter","How AEO/GEO Differs from SEO (and Whether It Matters)","modules","moreFromLibrary",[1985,1987,1989],{"_37":1986,"_116":330,"_23":118},"pKHVZqKLYpv4",{"_37":1988,"_116":350,"_23":118},"ZGKh2iQqPuKT",{"_37":1990,"_116":365,"_23":118},"724g6w6jyj93","outlines",[1993],{"_37":1994,"_23":297,"_298":1995,"_306":2000,"_308":309},"ca4ae1997cd3",[1996],{"_37":1997,"_23":302,"_303":1998,"_174":1999},"6f43dd3ad080",[],"

Development Costs Less than Minimum Wage\n
- The New Unit Economics
- Wild Horses
- Breaking Point
- The Middle Management Coordination Layer
- A Fast-Moving Conveyor Belt
- What Can You Actually Copy?
\n

",[],"posterFrame",{"_23":149,"_114":2003},{"_116":2004,"_23":118},"image-28bb9ec9515f210dec588f9af553eda9e0e75c69-1920x1080-jpg","2026-06-16T21:55:32.272Z","seo",{"_147":2008,"_23":2006,"_28":2011,"_2012":196,"_2013":196,"_2014":305},{"_23":149,"_114":2009},{"_116":2010,"_23":118},"image-728ccbc7a725c016f28bca92f2da1d986bb2611f-1920x1080-png","Geoffrey Huntley comes with a message: the developer's identity is being rewritten, and the curious ones are having the time of their lives.","nofollow","noindex","OGdescription","slideDeck",{"_23":2017,"_114":2018,"_2020":2021},"file",{"_116":2019,"_23":118},"file-b0d7109cf5d10e0adab5dbab7137eaa3145ea167-pdf","fileLink","https://cdn.sanity.io/files/50q6fr1p/production/b0d7109cf5d10e0adab5dbab7137eaa3145ea167.pdf",{"_23":333,"_2023":2024},"current","development-costs-less-than-minimum-wage","speakers","speakersWithOrg",[2028],{"_37":2029,"_23":2030,"_2031":-5,"_2032":2033},"8d31e986edf3","speaker","organization","person",{"_11":2034,"_13":2035,"_14":2036,"_23":2032,"_24":2037,"_2038":196,"_2039":2040,"_2031":2041,"_2049":196,"_2050":2051,"_2054":2055,"_2006":2056,"_2057":196},"2026-04-06T21:42:52Z","35e4b5e0-e509-4b20-9e3c-5da3c6d64427","JKqyaTxoFmjftwQTrhPBqr","2026-04-06T21:43:57Z","generate","name","Geoff Huntley",{"_11":2042,"_13":2043,"_14":2044,"_23":2031,"_24":2045,"_2038":196,"_2039":2046,"_2047":196,"_2006":2048},"2026-04-06T21:43:36Z","15592384-ad12-4eee-b586-04ce9bf1be41","Vht0I1MDD4rKgReZcowIa7","2026-04-06T21:43:40Z","Ralph Loop","portfolioCompany",{"_23":2006,"_2012":196,"_2013":196},"partner","photo",{"_23":113,"_114":2052},{"_116":2053,"_23":118},"image-88325ea41d45cacd4f84bf40db36bf047c745675-1600x1600-jpg","position","Creator",{"_23":2006,"_2012":196,"_2013":196},"teamMember","startDate","tags",[2061,2070,2078],{"_11":2062,"_13":2063,"_14":2064,"_23":2065,"_24":2062,"_28":2066,"_2039":2067,"_333":2068},"2024-09-05T17:31:35Z","017fa9be-32e2-46ee-bddf-f13275fbdf00","aeN0todGvIjkWyTywFzV6F","tag","Pertaining to the technology underpinning AI and machine learning operations.","AI Infrastructure",{"_23":333,"_2023":2069},"ai-infrastructure",{"_11":2071,"_13":2072,"_14":2073,"_23":2065,"_24":2071,"_28":2074,"_2039":2075,"_333":2076},"2025-04-15T17:19:22Z","80867d7d-9222-41f5-a465-915aa791bc97","YlxgmKTLxstUdop23VNy4f","AI agents are autonomous systems built to independently take action on business or technical tasks.","AI Agents",{"_23":333,"_2023":2077},"ai-agents",{"_11":2079,"_13":2080,"_14":2081,"_23":2065,"_24":2079,"_28":2082,"_2039":2083,"_333":2084},"2023-07-17T23:23:49Z","eec559a9-10e7-4405-82e4-e0736495ec36","TfMkf5gVJ7UWv1vMi5Qxor","Artificial intelligence, including AI-powered coding assistants built on large language models.","AI",{"_23":333,"_2023":2085},"ai","Development Costs Less than Minimum Wage","transcript",[2089,2153,2194,2202,2263,2304,2345,2356,2387,2418,2469,2500,2531,2562,2593,2614,2655,2696,2707,2728,2749,2757,2798,2829,2870,2911,2952,2983,3014,3025,3046,3067,3118,3139,3180,3191,3212,3243,3294,3325,3366,3387,3395,3426,3467,3518,3539,3560,3601,3632,3653,3684,3715,3746,3767,3798,3829,3870,3891,3922,3933,3974,3985,4016,4037,4045,4066,4097,4138,4169,4190,4231,4252,4273,4304,4325,4356,4377,4408,4429,4470,4501,4542,4573,4604,4635,4686,4745,4786,4827,4858,4879,4900,4931,4952,4960,4991,5032,5063,5104,5115,5166,5207,5228,5269,5310,5351,5382,5423,5454,5485,5526,5547,5588,5638,5669,5700,5741,5782,5833,5864,5895,5926,5967,5988,6009,6040,6061,6102,6123,6174,6195,6203,6244,6265,6306,6327,6358,6389,6410,6431,6452,6503,6534,6565,6615,6646,6677,6708,6728],{"_37":2090,"_23":297,"_298":2091,"_306":2138,"_308":309},"e81de24f3310",[2092,2097,2101,2106,2109,2114,2117,2122,2125,2130,2133],{"_37":2093,"_23":302,"_303":2094,"_174":2096},"b6fcf4dbc119",[2095],"42ff402","Hey everyone.",{"_37":2098,"_23":302,"_303":2099,"_174":2100},"2e58d479fc7b",[]," ",{"_37":2102,"_23":302,"_303":2103,"_174":2105},"b2742955f97b",[2104],"24f6a2d","It's good to see you here today.",{"_37":2107,"_23":302,"_303":2108,"_174":2100},"79c22efe583a",[],{"_37":2110,"_23":302,"_303":2111,"_174":2113},"d2c57ebb20a7",[2112],"974f52a","I've been traveling around a little bit lately.",{"_37":2115,"_23":302,"_303":2116,"_174":2100},"612402168c15",[],{"_37":2118,"_23":302,"_303":2119,"_174":2121},"ca31c0ff01ff",[2120],"ed65aee","The last 95 days",{"_37":2123,"_23":302,"_303":2124,"_174":2100},"a3ee9e10a373",[],{"_37":2126,"_23":302,"_303":2127,"_174":2129},"21ce2d450ffc",[2128],"b0bd53b","I've been essentially all around the world, everywhere from Australia, which is my hometown, to Korea to",{"_37":2131,"_23":302,"_303":2132,"_174":2100},"a4409101eb37",[],{"_37":2134,"_23":302,"_303":2135,"_174":2137},"d8bab1192d37",[2136],"de0ede1","the Baltics, Helsinki, Miami, Washington, DC, giving this talk.",[2139,2143,2145,2147,2149,2151],{"_37":2095,"_23":2140,"_2141":2142},"timestamp","time","00:00:03.600",{"_37":2104,"_23":2140,"_2141":2144},"00:00:04.880",{"_37":2112,"_23":2140,"_2141":2146},"00:00:07.040",{"_37":2120,"_23":2140,"_2141":2148},"00:00:10.080",{"_37":2128,"_23":2140,"_2141":2150},"00:00:12.320",{"_37":2136,"_23":2140,"_2141":2152},"00:00:21.880",{"_37":2154,"_23":297,"_298":2155,"_306":2185,"_308":309},"83a396e673e3",[2156,2161,2164,2169,2172,2177,2180],{"_37":2157,"_23":302,"_303":2158,"_174":2160},"387d8effcd5b",[2159],"38a733a","And it's quite provocative in the title.",{"_37":2162,"_23":302,"_303":2163,"_174":2100},"a7c5f10ab4d0",[],{"_37":2165,"_23":302,"_303":2166,"_174":2168},"906d7fb37aec",[2167],"9cf4af9","Right, software development now costs less than minimum wage.",{"_37":2170,"_23":302,"_303":2171,"_174":2100},"e7783d103193",[],{"_37":2173,"_23":302,"_303":2174,"_174":2176},"c9e975da7406",[2175],"ebaf19b","You see, there was always a difference between software development and software engineering.",{"_37":2178,"_23":302,"_303":2179,"_174":2100},"ed33ff854dac",[],{"_37":2181,"_23":302,"_303":2182,"_174":2184},"6e47bb170d7d",[2183],"a7f18e7","There's a difference between coding and engineering, folks, but software development is now less than minimum wage.",[2186,2188,2190,2192],{"_37":2159,"_23":2140,"_2141":2187},"00:00:29.400",{"_37":2167,"_23":2140,"_2141":2189},"00:00:33.420",{"_37":2175,"_23":2140,"_2141":2191},"00:00:37.980",{"_37":2183,"_23":2140,"_2141":2193},"00:00:44.120",{"_37":2195,"_23":297,"_298":2196,"_306":2201,"_308":381},"d3ca51d884ea",[2197],{"_37":2198,"_23":302,"_303":2199,"_174":2200},"980cf2e95a70",[],"The New Unit Economics",[],{"_37":2203,"_23":297,"_298":2204,"_306":2250,"_308":309},"bb984e03b0d8",[2205,2210,2213,2218,2221,2226,2229,2234,2237,2242,2245],{"_37":2206,"_23":302,"_303":2207,"_174":2209},"392b2d7197f7",[2208],"5d688c9","You see, I've been pondering about a few things.",{"_37":2211,"_23":302,"_303":2212,"_174":2100},"9e8b1a873ede",[],{"_37":2214,"_23":302,"_303":2215,"_174":2217},"49fbdf45ad0e",[2216],"b2d0464","It turns out if you",{"_37":2219,"_23":302,"_303":2220,"_174":2100},"4aba10913b84",[],{"_37":2222,"_23":302,"_303":2223,"_174":2225},"0df8e85cff0b",[2224],"7327a60","structure things in the right way and run Claude Code in a loop, or any of these LLMs in a loop.",{"_37":2227,"_23":302,"_303":2228,"_174":2100},"2ec266752dbd",[],{"_37":2230,"_23":302,"_303":2231,"_174":2233},"64667b766195",[2232],"f821268","So with Sonnet 4.5, it costs $10.42 an hour",{"_37":2235,"_23":302,"_303":2236,"_174":2100},"9114be91c39a",[],{"_37":2238,"_23":302,"_303":2239,"_174":2241},"402d0435022a",[2240],"36dce9d","to write code, right?",{"_37":2243,"_23":302,"_303":2244,"_174":2100},"b5bb7e389bcc",[],{"_37":2246,"_23":302,"_303":2247,"_174":2249},"b75ec2ce0170",[2248],"14e7279","You can now write code autonomously in your sleep.",[2251,2253,2255,2257,2259,2261],{"_37":2208,"_23":2140,"_2141":2252},"00:00:55.780",{"_37":2216,"_23":2140,"_2141":2254},"00:01:00.980",{"_37":2224,"_23":2140,"_2141":2256},"00:01:04.879",{"_37":2232,"_23":2140,"_2141":2258},"00:01:12.000",{"_37":2240,"_23":2140,"_2141":2260},"00:01:18.680",{"_37":2248,"_23":2140,"_2141":2262},"00:01:23.079",{"_37":2264,"_23":297,"_298":2265,"_306":2295,"_308":309},"3c3a3c61a712",[2266,2271,2274,2279,2282,2287,2290],{"_37":2267,"_23":302,"_303":2268,"_174":2270},"e735d290d2a3",[2269],"00c452f","Now, but this is not engineering.",{"_37":2272,"_23":302,"_303":2273,"_174":2100},"0d0ab448ca55",[],{"_37":2275,"_23":302,"_303":2276,"_174":2278},"dbd35bc0daff",[2277],"0f07a42","This is not engineering.",{"_37":2280,"_23":302,"_303":2281,"_174":2100},"855e8a5131c1",[],{"_37":2283,"_23":302,"_303":2284,"_174":2286},"14d59347518d",[2285],"65416aa","But it's fundamentally changing how things are working.",{"_37":2288,"_23":302,"_303":2289,"_174":2100},"aa34d1611ba0",[],{"_37":2291,"_23":302,"_303":2292,"_174":2294},"fc0dc889c3b4",[2293],"4bdd104","What follows is kind of a stark, like, my thoughts on how it's all going to go down and how it's going to change our professions.",[2296,2298,2300,2302],{"_37":2269,"_23":2140,"_2141":2297},"00:01:26.439",{"_37":2277,"_23":2140,"_2141":2299},"00:01:28.920",{"_37":2285,"_23":2140,"_2141":2301},"00:01:31.079",{"_37":2293,"_23":2140,"_2141":2303},"00:01:36.040",{"_37":2305,"_23":297,"_298":2306,"_306":2336,"_308":309},"d89c18e1e954",[2307,2312,2315,2320,2323,2328,2331],{"_37":2308,"_23":302,"_303":2309,"_174":2311},"24ecd1d13e8e",[2310],"8419214","The unit economics of business has forever changed.",{"_37":2313,"_23":302,"_303":2314,"_174":2100},"7b9c8b5ce003",[],{"_37":2316,"_23":302,"_303":2317,"_174":2319},"da798f614e95",[2318],"b0be39d","It's one year in since I first published the research on how to do the Ralph loop, and it's a simple technique of, like, a bash loop.",{"_37":2321,"_23":302,"_303":2322,"_174":2100},"f2ab07f1c45b",[],{"_37":2324,"_23":302,"_303":2325,"_174":2327},"fb99b6b26c3d",[2326],"5e1994d","It was meant to be simple.",{"_37":2329,"_23":302,"_303":2330,"_174":2100},"dee44fd2a9dc",[],{"_37":2332,"_23":302,"_303":2333,"_174":2335},"ff0fca8c5b24",[2334],"9f1a313","It was meant to be simple for teaching.",[2337,2339,2341,2343],{"_37":2310,"_23":2140,"_2141":2338},"00:01:44.680",{"_37":2318,"_23":2140,"_2141":2340},"00:01:49.920",{"_37":2326,"_23":2140,"_2141":2342},"00:01:58.159",{"_37":2334,"_23":2140,"_2141":2344},"00:01:59.600",{"_37":2346,"_23":297,"_298":2347,"_306":2353,"_308":543},"d61a6121bc78",[2348],{"_37":2349,"_23":302,"_303":2350,"_174":2352},"72793c83f3ad",[2351],"90f7633","It turns out if you give a context window a singular goal with the right backing context and don't use that context window fully, it will achieve that goal.",[2354],{"_37":2351,"_23":2140,"_2141":2355},"00:02:01.720",{"_37":2357,"_23":297,"_298":2358,"_306":2380,"_308":309},"ad63c7f740f0",[2359,2364,2367,2372,2375],{"_37":2360,"_23":302,"_303":2361,"_174":2363},"4e53246ca656",[2362],"274b8c8","And as the model intelligence gets better,",{"_37":2365,"_23":302,"_303":2366,"_174":2100},"158aedbf0a3e",[],{"_37":2368,"_23":302,"_303":2369,"_174":2371},"7a7cf51e0321",[2370],"e661a0c","it will achieve those outcomes.",{"_37":2373,"_23":302,"_303":2374,"_174":2100},"9b9db8d804da",[],{"_37":2376,"_23":302,"_303":2377,"_174":2379},"447d57d8a84b",[2378],"951fd41","Because the unit economics of business have forever changed, folks.",[2381,2383,2385],{"_37":2362,"_23":2140,"_2141":2382},"00:02:10.840",{"_37":2370,"_23":2140,"_2141":2384},"00:02:13.520",{"_37":2378,"_23":2140,"_2141":2386},"00:02:16.640",{"_37":2388,"_23":297,"_298":2389,"_306":2411,"_308":309},"333f0932a230",[2390,2395,2398,2403,2406],{"_37":2391,"_23":302,"_303":2392,"_174":2394},"533439fb8b36",[2393],"17c7566","Like last month, I was over in New Zealand giving this talk.",{"_37":2396,"_23":302,"_303":2397,"_174":2100},"52131a31a50b",[],{"_37":2399,"_23":302,"_303":2400,"_174":2402},"975b7c42cfed",[2401],"eec3571","You see, two months ago I was in Sydney,",{"_37":2404,"_23":302,"_303":2405,"_174":2100},"e9fc2b225d95",[],{"_37":2407,"_23":302,"_303":2408,"_174":2410},"78c256335a8c",[2409],"b42f721","and I was giving this exact talk and I was at a Cursor meetup, and at this Cursor meetup it was product manager after product manager after product manager, all talking about all the beautiful things they've created.",[2412,2414,2416],{"_37":2393,"_23":2140,"_2141":2413},"00:02:21.680",{"_37":2401,"_23":2140,"_2141":2415},"00:02:27.360",{"_37":2409,"_23":2140,"_2141":2417},"00:02:31.340",{"_37":2419,"_23":297,"_298":2420,"_306":2458,"_308":309},"10132146e942",[2421,2426,2429,2434,2437,2442,2445,2450,2453],{"_37":2422,"_23":302,"_303":2423,"_174":2425},"2c2aedd784e4",[2424],"4f1e95b","They're creating software.",{"_37":2427,"_23":302,"_303":2428,"_174":2100},"2203b8b847a9",[],{"_37":2430,"_23":302,"_303":2431,"_174":2433},"6c6d64a77f8e",[2432],"f7a0a27","You see, they don't have, like, a psychological wound.",{"_37":2435,"_23":302,"_303":2436,"_174":2100},"074aade00a7d",[],{"_37":2438,"_23":302,"_303":2439,"_174":2441},"358cb8962a46",[2440],"176b203","Their identity function of a software developer.",{"_37":2443,"_23":302,"_303":2444,"_174":2100},"e842ffbf0392",[],{"_37":2446,"_23":302,"_303":2447,"_174":2449},"6b9e7a1ebb9b",[2448],"8de6980","They're not dealing with that trauma or 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take a day trip over to Hobbiton.",[2525,2527,2529],{"_37":2506,"_23":2140,"_2141":2526},"00:03:08.080",{"_37":2514,"_23":2140,"_2141":2528},"00:03:16.960",{"_37":2522,"_23":2140,"_2141":2530},"00:03:19.340",{"_37":2532,"_23":297,"_298":2533,"_306":2555,"_308":309},"a1c7f215983c",[2534,2539,2542,2547,2550],{"_37":2535,"_23":302,"_303":2536,"_174":2538},"a4f713ced0e6",[2537],"62ad790","And the tour guide operator was like, Geoff, what do you do?",{"_37":2540,"_23":302,"_303":2541,"_174":2100},"6d1c949ae9f1",[],{"_37":2543,"_23":302,"_303":2544,"_174":2546},"045128a18f32",[2545],"9530c89","It's like, oh, I do some stuff with AI.",{"_37":2548,"_23":302,"_303":2549,"_174":2100},"435bac6b664a",[],{"_37":2551,"_23":302,"_303":2552,"_174":2554},"3d2fa92c5bf0",[2553],"804255b","You should have seen this tour guide operator's eyes light 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me.",{"_37":2782,"_23":302,"_303":2783,"_174":2100},"52be7463b4b6",[],{"_37":2785,"_23":302,"_303":2786,"_174":2788},"950e9055802a",[2787],"01b0a99","I was a tech lead at Canva.",[2790,2792,2794,2796],{"_37":2763,"_23":2140,"_2141":2791},"00:04:54.320",{"_37":2771,"_23":2140,"_2141":2793},"00:05:07.000",{"_37":2779,"_23":2140,"_2141":2795},"00:05:08.760",{"_37":2787,"_23":2140,"_2141":2797},"00:05:10.920",{"_37":2799,"_23":297,"_298":2800,"_306":2822,"_308":309},"095a8e684db2",[2801,2806,2809,2814,2817],{"_37":2802,"_23":302,"_303":2803,"_174":2805},"4fd60870ed24",[2804],"fb04128","And he's like,",{"_37":2807,"_23":302,"_303":2808,"_174":2100},"ff6f8f95144f",[],{"_37":2810,"_23":302,"_303":2811,"_174":2813},"5ea10302fc0f",[2812],"40708fd","I need all our tech leads to start playing with AI.",{"_37":2815,"_23":302,"_303":2816,"_174":2100},"b818a51b5aae",[],{"_37":2818,"_23":302,"_303":2819,"_174":2821},"b012317f6b22",[2820],"a8e87da","Really, really playing with 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days.",[2862,2864,2866,2868],{"_37":2835,"_23":2140,"_2141":2863},"00:05:22.780",{"_37":2843,"_23":2140,"_2141":2865},"00:05:24.199",{"_37":2851,"_23":2140,"_2141":2867},"00:05:35.260",{"_37":2859,"_23":2140,"_2141":2869},"00:05:36.300",{"_37":2871,"_23":297,"_298":2872,"_306":2902,"_308":309},"756b38996c6a",[2873,2878,2881,2886,2889,2894,2897],{"_37":2874,"_23":302,"_303":2875,"_174":2877},"162239c50dbe",[2876],"49ac9fd","And I was like, oh, I remembered this research.",{"_37":2879,"_23":302,"_303":2880,"_174":2100},"95bcbec49e3f",[],{"_37":2882,"_23":302,"_303":2883,"_174":2885},"3f5c9f171491",[2884],"f088013","What happens if I was to replicate this research?",{"_37":2887,"_23":302,"_303":2888,"_174":2100},"66fb6dd88375",[],{"_37":2890,"_23":302,"_303":2891,"_174":2893},"37ef0eaede4f",[2892],"ab5f8e3","And then I just posted, oh fuck.",{"_37":2895,"_23":302,"_303":2896,"_174":2100},"a6e05ad25ad7",[],{"_37":2898,"_23":302,"_303":2899,"_174":2901},"7f860b8d67f2",[2900],"404ca33","Because I realized that everything was going to change.",[2903,2905,2907,2909],{"_37":2876,"_23":2140,"_2141":2904},"00:05:38.380",{"_37":2884,"_23":2140,"_2141":2906},"00:05:40.860",{"_37":2892,"_23":2140,"_2141":2908},"00:05:43.920",{"_37":2900,"_23":2140,"_2141":2910},"00:05:47.120",{"_37":2912,"_23":297,"_298":2913,"_306":2943,"_308":309},"6b2973f2457b",[2914,2919,2922,2927,2930,2935,2938],{"_37":2915,"_23":302,"_303":2916,"_174":2918},"3b8be7026e88",[2917],"29f3748","So I started writing more.",{"_37":2920,"_23":302,"_303":2921,"_174":2100},"5cdf4d9b4d10",[],{"_37":2923,"_23":302,"_303":2924,"_174":2926},"370cb6b64e06",[2925],"8b58ffa","I started giving more of these talks, like, please pay attention.",{"_37":2928,"_23":302,"_303":2929,"_174":2100},"fdcde211cbc2",[],{"_37":2931,"_23":302,"_303":2932,"_174":2934},"322091f77c9e",[2933],"18fe839","Please invest in yourselves.",{"_37":2936,"_23":302,"_303":2937,"_174":2100},"5f703201ff5c",[],{"_37":2939,"_23":302,"_303":2940,"_174":2942},"c7b6fcc6c7dc",[2941],"ae77855","Things are going to change.",[2944,2946,2948,2950],{"_37":2917,"_23":2140,"_2141":2945},"00:05:51.760",{"_37":2925,"_23":2140,"_2141":2947},"00:05:53.280",{"_37":2933,"_23":2140,"_2141":2949},"00:05:56.480",{"_37":2941,"_23":2140,"_2141":2951},"00:05:58.240",{"_37":2953,"_23":297,"_298":2954,"_306":2976,"_308":309},"9e376f7cdda6",[2955,2960,2963,2968,2971],{"_37":2956,"_23":302,"_303":2957,"_174":2959},"a02a3593260f",[2958],"bf18d1c","And you might recognize this moment in time.",{"_37":2961,"_23":302,"_303":2962,"_174":2100},"36a536193341",[],{"_37":2964,"_23":302,"_303":2965,"_174":2967},"c0af2ccf7ea7",[2966],"3e2c570","Almost two years on.",{"_37":2969,"_23":302,"_303":2970,"_174":2100},"6f9c8ddaec94",[],{"_37":2972,"_23":302,"_303":2973,"_174":2975},"8caf65e5383b",[2974],"38bbdef","This was Christmas.",[2977,2979,2981],{"_37":2958,"_23":2140,"_2141":2978},"00:06:01.760",{"_37":2966,"_23":2140,"_2141":2980},"00:06:05.880",{"_37":2974,"_23":2140,"_2141":2982},"00:06:10.120",{"_37":2984,"_23":297,"_298":2985,"_306":3007,"_308":309},"7ad72d533426",[2986,2991,2994,2999,3002],{"_37":2987,"_23":302,"_303":2988,"_174":2990},"864101e41ec2",[2989],"51c673b","Now Christmas was interesting, folks, because the models had been getting good.",{"_37":2992,"_23":302,"_303":2993,"_174":2100},"bc73f2e19794",[],{"_37":2995,"_23":302,"_303":2996,"_174":2998},"be885f3745e7",[2997],"3641cc4","The models had been getting good, but back in 2024, the models were already good enough to cause societal disruption.",{"_37":3000,"_23":302,"_303":3001,"_174":2100},"46fb99ab15d1",[],{"_37":3003,"_23":302,"_303":3004,"_174":3006},"ce94787db436",[3005],"4716066","They're already good enough.",[3008,3010,3012],{"_37":2989,"_23":2140,"_2141":3009},"00:06:11.960",{"_37":2997,"_23":2140,"_2141":3011},"00:06:17.420",{"_37":3005,"_23":2140,"_2141":3013},"00:06:26.020",{"_37":3015,"_23":297,"_298":3016,"_306":3022,"_308":309},"f64fe78cb9a2",[3017],{"_37":3018,"_23":302,"_303":3019,"_174":3021},"49df58105b62",[3020],"9f088a8","If we had stopped there, it was already enough to really change everything. But the models, I like to think of them kind of like a wild horse.",[3023],{"_37":3020,"_23":2140,"_2141":3024},"00:06:27.460",{"_37":3026,"_23":297,"_298":3027,"_306":3041,"_308":309},"edd02e6c95a3",[3028,3033,3036],{"_37":3029,"_23":302,"_303":3030,"_174":3032},"dca1c7463e78",[3031],"e5fe009","It required a great deal of skill to tame the horse, to turn it into something that was usable and to get good outcomes with.",{"_37":3034,"_23":302,"_303":3035,"_174":2100},"15ded24ad6b4",[],{"_37":3037,"_23":302,"_303":3038,"_174":3040},"622de2e29dd5",[3039],"38f8df0","But now these wild horses come pre-tamed, broken in, ready to go and get stuff done.",[3042,3044],{"_37":3031,"_23":2140,"_2141":3043},"00:06:38.680",{"_37":3039,"_23":2140,"_2141":3045},"00:06:48.260",{"_37":3047,"_23":297,"_298":3048,"_306":3062,"_308":309},"29d976dd29dd",[3049,3054,3057],{"_37":3050,"_23":302,"_303":3051,"_174":3053},"a612750fc863",[3052],"a53ba21","Now the models definitely have gotten better over the last two years.",{"_37":3055,"_23":302,"_303":3056,"_174":2100},"1f333c250e3e",[],{"_37":3058,"_23":302,"_303":3059,"_174":3061},"6bf013abf13b",[3060],"db8d08f","If anyone was playing back then, they recognize just what a stark difference this is.",[3063,3065],{"_37":3052,"_23":2140,"_2141":3064},"00:06:55.300",{"_37":3060,"_23":2140,"_2141":3066},"00:06:59.020",{"_37":3068,"_23":297,"_298":3069,"_306":3107,"_308":309},"d40a08770712",[3070,3075,3078,3083,3086,3091,3094,3099,3102],{"_37":3071,"_23":302,"_303":3072,"_174":3074},"18ed8a0d386e",[3073],"27c0055","But what's really interesting here is what I've been kind of thinking about is,",{"_37":3076,"_23":302,"_303":3077,"_174":2100},"7dc80c148798",[],{"_37":3079,"_23":302,"_303":3080,"_174":3082},"014c5a4925c5",[3081],"34f449e","it doesn't matter how good the models get.",{"_37":3084,"_23":302,"_303":3085,"_174":2100},"54286d066149",[],{"_37":3087,"_23":302,"_303":3088,"_174":3090},"139e8f212760",[3089],"e10366d","What it requires is a period of time.",{"_37":3092,"_23":302,"_303":3093,"_174":2100},"bcb4c54faaf0",[],{"_37":3095,"_23":302,"_303":3096,"_174":3098},"67f023358b7f",[3097],"f6dfd60","It requires a period of time of rest,",{"_37":3100,"_23":302,"_303":3101,"_174":2100},"d76f03372d1e",[],{"_37":3103,"_23":302,"_303":3104,"_174":3106},"c7a94f446f81",[3105],"a80367c","where people play, where society can actually play and integrate the advancements of technology.",[3108,3110,3112,3114,3116],{"_37":3073,"_23":2140,"_2141":3109},"00:07:06.060",{"_37":3081,"_23":2140,"_2141":3111},"00:07:10.840",{"_37":3089,"_23":2140,"_2141":3113},"00:07:14.360",{"_37":3097,"_23":2140,"_2141":3115},"00:07:18.040",{"_37":3105,"_23":2140,"_2141":3117},"00:07:20.620",{"_37":3119,"_23":297,"_298":3120,"_306":3134,"_308":309},"7028b814a744",[3121,3126,3129],{"_37":3122,"_23":302,"_303":3123,"_174":3125},"410f79e03463",[3124],"0870add","Because",{"_37":3127,"_23":302,"_303":3128,"_174":2100},"b1a0d31c9f22",[],{"_37":3130,"_23":302,"_303":3131,"_174":3133},"86acd0a9955e",[3132],"130bdb1","a lot of people were just saying, hey, it's not good enough, not good enough, not good enough, but they never really had the time to actually sit down and play.",[3135,3137],{"_37":3124,"_23":2140,"_2141":3136},"00:07:27.659",{"_37":3132,"_23":2140,"_2141":3138},"00:07:28.820",{"_37":3140,"_23":297,"_298":3141,"_306":3171,"_308":309},"ca5692636e08",[3142,3147,3150,3155,3158,3163,3166],{"_37":3143,"_23":302,"_303":3144,"_174":3146},"068ee27a36bb",[3145],"61ca312","And I reckon",{"_37":3148,"_23":302,"_303":3149,"_174":2100},"1ff5b272ae3d",[],{"_37":3151,"_23":302,"_303":3152,"_174":3154},"b45d5eef4d03",[3153],"02642a5","each one of these changes with the technology, the technology is going to zoom at a pace much faster",{"_37":3156,"_23":302,"_303":3157,"_174":2100},"efdd8babee3b",[],{"_37":3159,"_23":302,"_303":3160,"_174":3162},"c488f5c5d003",[3161],"9a93c5d","than society can keep up with, but it's gonna interlock with times of downtime and rest and play.",{"_37":3164,"_23":302,"_303":3165,"_174":2100},"7a66bc48fad4",[],{"_37":3167,"_23":302,"_303":3168,"_174":3170},"f082960ddcb3",[3169],"c3d9666","Anyway.",[3172,3174,3176,3178],{"_37":3145,"_23":2140,"_2141":3173},"00:07:35.700",{"_37":3153,"_23":2140,"_2141":3175},"00:07:37.680",{"_37":3161,"_23":2140,"_2141":3177},"00:07:45.500",{"_37":3169,"_23":2140,"_2141":3179},"00:07:53.500",{"_37":3181,"_23":297,"_298":3182,"_306":3188,"_308":543},"8cdc3ca9349f",[3183],{"_37":3184,"_23":302,"_303":3185,"_174":3187},"637ea618fcde",[3186],"e2175aa","The reason behind this is because the people around me who are getting really good outcomes with LLMs over the last two years, they've treated LLMs as a musical instrument.",[3189],{"_37":3186,"_23":2140,"_2141":3190},"00:07:55.740",{"_37":3192,"_23":297,"_298":3193,"_306":3207,"_308":309},"35a8e2bbfebc",[3194,3199,3202],{"_37":3195,"_23":302,"_303":3196,"_174":3198},"9bd7256aface",[3197],"42e96fb","You know, the people who are getting really good with AI have put in deliberate intentional practice.",{"_37":3200,"_23":302,"_303":3201,"_174":2100},"6bd7dcb50990",[],{"_37":3203,"_23":302,"_303":3204,"_174":3206},"ceede116e585",[3205],"90be6e6","Like, I think I've burned like eight hundred thousand dollars US and tokens the last year.",[3208,3210],{"_37":3197,"_23":2140,"_2141":3209},"00:08:07.460",{"_37":3205,"_23":2140,"_2141":3211},"00:08:15.220",{"_37":3213,"_23":297,"_298":3214,"_306":3236,"_308":309},"62d5a3eef32e",[3215,3220,3223,3228,3231],{"_37":3216,"_23":302,"_303":3217,"_174":3219},"356e99b44406",[3218],"0cb038f","Business value?",{"_37":3221,"_23":302,"_303":3222,"_174":2100},"d012a2475992",[],{"_37":3224,"_23":302,"_303":3225,"_174":3227},"ce51eb740fb4",[3226],"fd6f25c","None.",{"_37":3229,"_23":302,"_303":3230,"_174":2100},"3daaf0a170ce",[],{"_37":3232,"_23":302,"_303":3233,"_174":3235},"9b6b906c2094",[3234],"c291c82","But I guess if all the vendors have incorporated your research, I guess there is business value there.",[3237,3239,3241],{"_37":3218,"_23":2140,"_2141":3238},"00:08:20.100",{"_37":3226,"_23":2140,"_2141":3240},"00:08:21.220",{"_37":3234,"_23":2140,"_2141":3242},"00:08:22.500",{"_37":3244,"_23":297,"_298":3245,"_306":3283,"_308":309},"995d883d0be8",[3246,3251,3254,3259,3262,3267,3270,3275,3278],{"_37":3247,"_23":302,"_303":3248,"_174":3250},"c20ac7446821",[3249],"0777191","But like deliberately playing with it and, like, plucking it, oh, that's interesting.",{"_37":3252,"_23":302,"_303":3253,"_174":2100},"10b922760a73",[],{"_37":3255,"_23":302,"_303":3256,"_174":3258},"ecf25343647d",[3257],"109883b","Is that repeatable?",{"_37":3260,"_23":302,"_303":3261,"_174":2100},"4e401205b043",[],{"_37":3263,"_23":302,"_303":3264,"_174":3266},"80d0c3c9d08a",[3265],"52fff47","Is that a C note?",{"_37":3268,"_23":302,"_303":3269,"_174":2100},"1d9fbb8c3e46",[],{"_37":3271,"_23":302,"_303":3272,"_174":3274},"4b12a9011af5",[3273],"e9788f3","What is that, a riff?",{"_37":3276,"_23":302,"_303":3277,"_174":2100},"81e7bb231675",[],{"_37":3279,"_23":302,"_303":3280,"_174":3282},"19fd3670abbd",[3281],"5404899","Like, really understanding how these models work.",[3284,3286,3288,3290,3292],{"_37":3249,"_23":2140,"_2141":3285},"00:08:27.660",{"_37":3257,"_23":2140,"_2141":3287},"00:08:32.060",{"_37":3265,"_23":2140,"_2141":3289},"00:08:33.099",{"_37":3273,"_23":2140,"_2141":3291},"00:08:34.539",{"_37":3281,"_23":2140,"_2141":3293},"00:08:35.900",{"_37":3295,"_23":297,"_298":3296,"_306":3318,"_308":309},"2efd80f2767c",[3297,3302,3305,3310,3313],{"_37":3298,"_23":302,"_303":3299,"_174":3301},"916d1c8809a6",[3300],"9c998d9","You see, musicians don't just pick up a guitar and experience failure and going, well, it's always going to be like that.",{"_37":3303,"_23":302,"_303":3304,"_174":2100},"9d4c1f58590f",[],{"_37":3306,"_23":302,"_303":3307,"_174":3309},"778d0f5f1e8c",[3308],"ea3e123","No, they're curious.",{"_37":3311,"_23":302,"_303":3312,"_174":2100},"6777bb219e0e",[],{"_37":3314,"_23":302,"_303":3315,"_174":3317},"c42d1810c3e1",[3316],"051c4fc","They play.",[3319,3321,3323],{"_37":3300,"_23":2140,"_2141":3320},"00:08:39.020",{"_37":3308,"_23":2140,"_2141":3322},"00:08:47.020",{"_37":3316,"_23":2140,"_2141":3324},"00:08:48.300",{"_37":3326,"_23":297,"_298":3327,"_306":3357,"_308":309},"2fc9c8c31a11",[3328,3333,3336,3341,3344,3349,3352],{"_37":3329,"_23":302,"_303":3330,"_174":3332},"85aa6a1df148",[3331],"1241272","And engineers, we're meant to be curious.",{"_37":3334,"_23":302,"_303":3335,"_174":2100},"7a58b06fbadf",[],{"_37":3337,"_23":302,"_303":3338,"_174":3340},"2d2e2a1d1b34",[3339],"52f8ff9","We're meant to play.",{"_37":3342,"_23":302,"_303":3343,"_174":2100},"6102dd21c594",[],{"_37":3345,"_23":302,"_303":3346,"_174":3348},"9ece866ab9b7",[3347],"9842209","We're meant to make discoveries.",{"_37":3350,"_23":302,"_303":3351,"_174":2100},"6b763a5c8149",[],{"_37":3353,"_23":302,"_303":3354,"_174":3356},"87c7e5b942e8",[3355],"921552a","We're meant to understand how the machine works.",[3358,3360,3362,3364],{"_37":3331,"_23":2140,"_2141":3359},"00:08:49.280",{"_37":3339,"_23":2140,"_2141":3361},"00:08:51.520",{"_37":3347,"_23":2140,"_2141":3363},"00:08:52.320",{"_37":3355,"_23":2140,"_2141":3365},"00:08:53.520",{"_37":3367,"_23":297,"_298":3368,"_306":3382,"_308":309},"0501325d981b",[3369,3374,3377],{"_37":3370,"_23":302,"_303":3371,"_174":3373},"f2e1ec1b0b1b",[3372],"03e0e13","But unfortunately, engineers in the last couple years have been treating the LLMs kind of like a calculator.",{"_37":3375,"_23":302,"_303":3376,"_174":2100},"5e451c110748",[],{"_37":3378,"_23":302,"_303":3379,"_174":3381},"d197c2ee5388",[3380],"056e6f0","No, there's something that you need to deliberately invest in yourself to get good outcomes.",[3383,3385],{"_37":3372,"_23":2140,"_2141":3384},"00:08:57.600",{"_37":3380,"_23":2140,"_2141":3386},"00:09:05.680",{"_37":3388,"_23":297,"_298":3389,"_306":3394,"_308":381},"edd5dbdfb002",[3390],{"_37":3391,"_23":302,"_303":3392,"_174":3393},"f29991f7740e",[],"Breaking Point",[],{"_37":3396,"_23":297,"_298":3397,"_306":3419,"_308":309},"c7b6cda97692",[3398,3403,3406,3411,3414],{"_37":3399,"_23":302,"_303":3400,"_174":3402},"2c6ec25b17e0",[3401],"b44a34e","So something I also have been thinking about is topics of K-shaped economy.",{"_37":3404,"_23":302,"_303":3405,"_174":2100},"c78e3238b707",[],{"_37":3407,"_23":302,"_303":3408,"_174":3410},"f548129fc79a",[3409],"408a567","And I actually think that society is now divided into,",{"_37":3412,"_23":302,"_303":3413,"_174":2100},"9ded54cd6461",[],{"_37":3415,"_23":302,"_303":3416,"_174":3418},"45202ae5c6d7",[3417],"0784436","or at least when it comes to models, when it comes to companies, we're really divided into something I put forward is a new type of company, a model-first company.",[3420,3422,3424],{"_37":3401,"_23":2140,"_2141":3421},"00:09:12.880",{"_37":3409,"_23":2140,"_2141":3423},"00:09:18.160",{"_37":3417,"_23":2140,"_2141":3425},"00:09:22.400",{"_37":3427,"_23":297,"_298":3428,"_306":3458,"_308":309},"4f29bc833e46",[3429,3434,3437,3442,3445,3450,3453],{"_37":3430,"_23":302,"_303":3431,"_174":3433},"9471cffdaf90",[3432],"5b1180f","A model-first company is deliberately building with LLMs.",{"_37":3435,"_23":302,"_303":3436,"_174":2100},"104e4cd658a5",[],{"_37":3438,"_23":302,"_303":3439,"_174":3441},"3a418f64e6ce",[3440],"12a8c50","And they started with LLMs.",{"_37":3443,"_23":302,"_303":3444,"_174":2100},"a25a70a6c2c9",[],{"_37":3446,"_23":302,"_303":3447,"_174":3449},"aa44e628b764",[3448],"2066675","And then they've got this mindset that they want to stay lean and nimble, and they want to leverage LLMs as much as possible on AI.",{"_37":3451,"_23":302,"_303":3452,"_174":2100},"f2052058f9f1",[],{"_37":3454,"_23":302,"_303":3455,"_174":3457},"1d386b01b383",[3456],"b5221c7","And they're having the time of their lives.",[3459,3461,3463,3465],{"_37":3432,"_23":2140,"_2141":3460},"00:09:33.940",{"_37":3440,"_23":2140,"_2141":3462},"00:09:38.340",{"_37":3448,"_23":2140,"_2141":3464},"00:09:42.200",{"_37":3456,"_23":2140,"_2141":3466},"00:09:52.520",{"_37":3468,"_23":297,"_298":3469,"_306":3507,"_308":309},"c8c2c3b1d1f8",[3470,3475,3478,3483,3486,3491,3494,3499,3502],{"_37":3471,"_23":302,"_303":3472,"_174":3474},"5d9184a01e74",[3473],"5528987","Like, I remember when I came across here like a year ago and I ran into Dex for the first time,",{"_37":3476,"_23":302,"_303":3477,"_174":2100},"c7aba4f6bb61",[],{"_37":3479,"_23":302,"_303":3480,"_174":3482},"2e71dd5cd0ee",[3481],"2cab43c","showed him the research of Ralph, and he showed it then at Y Combinator, and it's been six months.",{"_37":3484,"_23":302,"_303":3485,"_174":2100},"4548434dbc5f",[],{"_37":3487,"_23":302,"_303":3488,"_174":3490},"058dcdbca1b8",[3489],"a7e84b5","I guess now it's been more, it's like nine months of batches just",{"_37":3492,"_23":302,"_303":3493,"_174":2100},"d9b4e2385feb",[],{"_37":3495,"_23":302,"_303":3496,"_174":3498},"6c4d92ec58eb",[3497],"91135bb","autonomously creating their initial concepts and validating, and they're building in loops.",{"_37":3500,"_23":302,"_303":3501,"_174":2100},"403f8dace5a1",[],{"_37":3503,"_23":302,"_303":3504,"_174":3506},"cf97397d1f77",[3505],"ca09d9d","It's weird.",[3508,3510,3512,3514,3516],{"_37":3473,"_23":2140,"_2141":3509},"00:09:54.920",{"_37":3481,"_23":2140,"_2141":3511},"00:10:02.339",{"_37":3489,"_23":2140,"_2141":3513},"00:10:09.940",{"_37":3497,"_23":2140,"_2141":3515},"00:10:15.700",{"_37":3505,"_23":2140,"_2141":3517},"00:10:21.459",{"_37":3519,"_23":297,"_298":3520,"_306":3534,"_308":309},"fad777caf8e7",[3521,3526,3529],{"_37":3522,"_23":302,"_303":3523,"_174":3525},"534cbe152ec9",[3524],"4dc5a00","But on the bottom is the current total addressable market of software.",{"_37":3527,"_23":302,"_303":3528,"_174":2100},"ca5b70ca9f43",[],{"_37":3530,"_23":302,"_303":3531,"_174":3533},"3457dee1c79e",[3532],"511737e","It's every single corporate that exists out there today.",[3535,3537],{"_37":3524,"_23":2140,"_2141":3536},"00:10:22.820",{"_37":3532,"_23":2140,"_2141":3538},"00:10:28.660",{"_37":3540,"_23":297,"_298":3541,"_306":3555,"_308":309},"bb666163cb62",[3542,3547,3550],{"_37":3543,"_23":302,"_303":3544,"_174":3546},"bdf1c2cd8cc4",[3545],"4b4230c","Now within these companies, they also have to go through a J-curve.",{"_37":3548,"_23":302,"_303":3549,"_174":2100},"782af9615925",[],{"_37":3551,"_23":302,"_303":3552,"_174":3554},"9faf5caeb88a",[3553],"eeb05f1","People transformation requires a J-curve for transformation to better adopt technology.",[3556,3558],{"_37":3545,"_23":2140,"_2141":3557},"00:10:31.620",{"_37":3553,"_23":2140,"_2141":3559},"00:10:36.960",{"_37":3561,"_23":297,"_298":3562,"_306":3592,"_308":309},"da8edb4b2a92",[3563,3568,3571,3576,3579,3584,3587],{"_37":3564,"_23":302,"_303":3565,"_174":3567},"c6183e9e5e4d",[3566],"79ef086","Now you might have seen this.",{"_37":3569,"_23":302,"_303":3570,"_174":2100},"7c90057a30b2",[],{"_37":3572,"_23":302,"_303":3573,"_174":3575},"9a97c78069b3",[3574],"bccd75d","You might have seen these headlines.",{"_37":3577,"_23":302,"_303":3578,"_174":2100},"6f7bbc9cd1b7",[],{"_37":3580,"_23":302,"_303":3581,"_174":3583},"25fa0a8148b6",[3582],"236422a","My personal take is AI is still not factored in.",{"_37":3585,"_23":302,"_303":3586,"_174":2100},"8a3ae2ad76dd",[],{"_37":3588,"_23":302,"_303":3589,"_174":3591},"9b20af9b85db",[3590],"1ee9bd2","Right, to the transformation.",[3593,3595,3597,3599],{"_37":3566,"_23":2140,"_2141":3594},"00:10:46.140",{"_37":3574,"_23":2140,"_2141":3596},"00:10:48.380",{"_37":3582,"_23":2140,"_2141":3598},"00:10:54.060",{"_37":3590,"_23":2140,"_2141":3600},"00:10:58.779",{"_37":3602,"_23":297,"_298":3603,"_306":3625,"_308":309},"a808bea7490b",[3604,3609,3612,3617,3620],{"_37":3605,"_23":302,"_303":3606,"_174":3608},"04c2603955ae",[3607],"259ec49","Like, I think Jack is right here, but I think it's not really factored in as much.",{"_37":3610,"_23":302,"_303":3611,"_174":2100},"0ba583491d87",[],{"_37":3613,"_23":302,"_303":3614,"_174":3616},"f3123ba0f755",[3615],"194f888","I think he's just a little bit early.",{"_37":3618,"_23":302,"_303":3619,"_174":2100},"4385fbd6f680",[],{"_37":3621,"_23":302,"_303":3622,"_174":3624},"3d6c89d2cd1e",[3623],"d854ae1","I think is very early.",[3626,3628,3630],{"_37":3607,"_23":2140,"_2141":3627},"00:11:01.100",{"_37":3615,"_23":2140,"_2141":3629},"00:11:07.500",{"_37":3623,"_23":2140,"_2141":3631},"00:11:09.520",{"_37":3633,"_23":297,"_298":3634,"_306":3648,"_308":309},"2c9c3b54a553",[3635,3640,3643],{"_37":3636,"_23":302,"_303":3637,"_174":3639},"72d914e9cd15",[3638],"112815a","There's a few companies out here today who are very early, and with their org charts, they're basically taking a pack of cards, throwing it up in the air, and doing fifty-two card pickup",{"_37":3641,"_23":302,"_303":3642,"_174":2100},"f0ff05adb8de",[],{"_37":3644,"_23":302,"_303":3645,"_174":3647},"1ac7b1886073",[3646],"b99c06b","and reimagining, like, the substrate of their organizations.",[3649,3651],{"_37":3638,"_23":2140,"_2141":3650},"00:11:11.040",{"_37":3646,"_23":2140,"_2141":3652},"00:11:23.000",{"_37":3654,"_23":297,"_298":3655,"_306":3677,"_308":309},"485f9e1de083",[3656,3661,3664,3669,3672],{"_37":3657,"_23":302,"_303":3658,"_174":3660},"823e670aa5eb",[3659],"879f5e5","I'll get into that, but like my personal take, I think Jack is right.",{"_37":3662,"_23":302,"_303":3663,"_174":2100},"6e865030015d",[],{"_37":3665,"_23":302,"_303":3666,"_174":3668},"ad598038cc14",[3667],"0b4074d","I think acting early if you're a pre-existing company is actually very caring.",{"_37":3670,"_23":302,"_303":3671,"_174":2100},"ecb6cc21298a",[],{"_37":3673,"_23":302,"_303":3674,"_174":3676},"1cb2bab71bed",[3675],"5884ba9","But the impact of AI still has not been priced into existing companies in the SaaS space.",[3678,3680,3682],{"_37":3659,"_23":2140,"_2141":3679},"00:11:27.240",{"_37":3667,"_23":2140,"_2141":3681},"00:11:31.399",{"_37":3675,"_23":2140,"_2141":3683},"00:11:36.940",{"_37":3685,"_23":297,"_298":3686,"_306":3708,"_308":309},"0be0a7db5f29",[3687,3692,3695,3700,3703],{"_37":3688,"_23":302,"_303":3689,"_174":3691},"77bdb7be0c9f",[3690],"c783b46","You see, for the last couple months, I've been traveling around the world and I've been speaking with venture capitalists here in San Fran, Australia, New Zealand, and Korea, and I've been putting forward the following.",{"_37":3693,"_23":302,"_303":3694,"_174":2100},"783e99cbc96b",[],{"_37":3696,"_23":302,"_303":3697,"_174":3699},"3163cfb15439",[3698],"4996a75","Why exactly does someone need to raise seed capital now?",{"_37":3701,"_23":302,"_303":3702,"_174":2100},"4393a9cafd8c",[],{"_37":3704,"_23":302,"_303":3705,"_174":3707},"35e3a782bf4b",[3706],"f1bb10b","Like, what is the point?",[3709,3711,3713],{"_37":3690,"_23":2140,"_2141":3710},"00:11:45.620",{"_37":3698,"_23":2140,"_2141":3712},"00:11:58.140",{"_37":3706,"_23":2140,"_2141":3714},"00:12:03.740",{"_37":3716,"_23":297,"_298":3717,"_306":3739,"_308":309},"fa4b79fb4cd5",[3718,3723,3726,3731,3734],{"_37":3719,"_23":302,"_303":3720,"_174":3722},"1dd4fbfca732",[3721],"1d7e6db","Previously, you used to raise money because you needed money to hire people to build the thing, but now it's kind of like different.",{"_37":3724,"_23":302,"_303":3725,"_174":2100},"fc2a3fc86f13",[],{"_37":3727,"_23":302,"_303":3728,"_174":3730},"51660f7985f8",[3729],"be062d3","Like, is it just a five-man show now?",{"_37":3732,"_23":302,"_303":3733,"_174":2100},"cee21f3a0213",[],{"_37":3735,"_23":302,"_303":3736,"_174":3738},"b1515be90540",[3737],"9c56bcc","Like a model-first company, this idea, we don't know at this stage.",[3740,3742,3744],{"_37":3721,"_23":2140,"_2141":3741},"00:12:06.540",{"_37":3729,"_23":2140,"_2141":3743},"00:12:14.060",{"_37":3737,"_23":2140,"_2141":3745},"00:12:17.660",{"_37":3747,"_23":297,"_298":3748,"_306":3762,"_308":309},"f9bf744d2277",[3749,3754,3757],{"_37":3750,"_23":302,"_303":3751,"_174":3753},"f1ed93d1d6c0",[3752],"b494476","Like, what was the theoretical breaking point?",{"_37":3755,"_23":302,"_303":3756,"_174":2100},"d77a4bc81de2",[],{"_37":3758,"_23":302,"_303":3759,"_174":3761},"64fe1e56a7cf",[3760],"b26b767","Can we see companies that are ten people maximum?",[3763,3765],{"_37":3752,"_23":2140,"_2141":3764},"00:12:22.459",{"_37":3760,"_23":2140,"_2141":3766},"00:12:27.660",{"_37":3768,"_23":297,"_298":3769,"_306":3791,"_308":309},"b552d1249d75",[3770,3775,3778,3783,3786],{"_37":3771,"_23":302,"_303":3772,"_174":3774},"c106f1de27ef",[3773],"f3a8981","Enough people to fit into a Zook.",{"_37":3776,"_23":302,"_303":3777,"_174":2100},"795245d7cdf4",[],{"_37":3779,"_23":302,"_303":3780,"_174":3782},"f3e7fba55a69",[3781],"0a346d6","And that's the company for life.",{"_37":3784,"_23":302,"_303":3785,"_174":2100},"9980aad01c88",[],{"_37":3787,"_23":302,"_303":3788,"_174":3790},"769961e21d2d",[3789],"1ab6281","And they're doing the impact of five hundred people.",[3792,3794,3796],{"_37":3773,"_23":2140,"_2141":3793},"00:12:31.660",{"_37":3781,"_23":2140,"_2141":3795},"00:12:34.380",{"_37":3789,"_23":2140,"_2141":3797},"00:12:35.820",{"_37":3799,"_23":297,"_298":3800,"_306":3822,"_308":309},"8b5f75f58755",[3801,3806,3809,3814,3817],{"_37":3802,"_23":302,"_303":3803,"_174":3805},"e1fc4ca5642c",[3804],"4ea8873","Next couple of years, we're gonna find out whether this is true.",{"_37":3807,"_23":302,"_303":3808,"_174":2100},"284780db0de0",[],{"_37":3810,"_23":302,"_303":3811,"_174":3813},"d9777c2d7104",[3812],"7340636","But to get into the previous point,",{"_37":3815,"_23":302,"_303":3816,"_174":2100},"7d1b1cc84fc1",[],{"_37":3818,"_23":302,"_303":3819,"_174":3821},"4993a42bdbe6",[3820],"a78347c","why does someone need to raise seed capital?",[3823,3825,3827],{"_37":3804,"_23":2140,"_2141":3824},"00:12:39.100",{"_37":3812,"_23":2140,"_2141":3826},"00:12:41.980",{"_37":3820,"_23":2140,"_2141":3828},"00:12:44.440",{"_37":3830,"_23":297,"_298":3831,"_306":3861,"_308":309},"2f43dabd8418",[3832,3837,3840,3845,3848,3853,3856],{"_37":3833,"_23":302,"_303":3834,"_174":3836},"6c1edbc56378",[3835],"902c01d","My honest take here, I've been thinking about this a lot, is the reason is go-to-market.",{"_37":3838,"_23":302,"_303":3839,"_174":2100},"58bb48d9edde",[],{"_37":3841,"_23":302,"_303":3842,"_174":3844},"0545ea04caab",[3843],"eec9209","Sales.",{"_37":3846,"_23":302,"_303":3847,"_174":2100},"d09eb43727ee",[],{"_37":3849,"_23":302,"_303":3850,"_174":3852},"4d4f97676f94",[3851],"1e3ecfb","Sales is why.",{"_37":3854,"_23":302,"_303":3855,"_174":2100},"3a128e713057",[],{"_37":3857,"_23":302,"_303":3858,"_174":3860},"169df7db38bb",[3859],"41e4afa","But it's not necessarily seed capital anymore.",[3862,3864,3866,3868],{"_37":3835,"_23":2140,"_2141":3863},"00:12:47.640",{"_37":3843,"_23":2140,"_2141":3865},"00:12:53.899",{"_37":3851,"_23":2140,"_2141":3867},"00:12:55.339",{"_37":3859,"_23":2140,"_2141":3869},"00:12:56.860",{"_37":3871,"_23":297,"_298":3872,"_306":3886,"_308":309},"0fc8b008d144",[3873,3878,3881],{"_37":3874,"_23":302,"_303":3875,"_174":3877},"50ab38c88500",[3876],"70b6c5c","Honestly, you should be able just to prompt up exactly what you want to do, validate with a couple customers.",{"_37":3879,"_23":302,"_303":3880,"_174":2100},"0911d440d42a",[],{"_37":3882,"_23":302,"_303":3883,"_174":3885},"ff09f335dfee",[3884],"6badead","And I don't think you need the seed capital to do that.",[3887,3889],{"_37":3876,"_23":2140,"_2141":3888},"00:13:00.060",{"_37":3884,"_23":2140,"_2141":3890},"00:13:07.360",{"_37":3892,"_23":297,"_298":3893,"_306":3915,"_308":309},"ccebd264d6c0",[3894,3899,3902,3907,3910],{"_37":3895,"_23":302,"_303":3896,"_174":3898},"5bffaa000676",[3897],"6b9a619","And you should be very much thinking about, like, if it's a five-man show, is it a ten-man show, is it a twenty-man show.",{"_37":3900,"_23":302,"_303":3901,"_174":2100},"54466f8c0a69",[],{"_37":3903,"_23":302,"_303":3904,"_174":3906},"968babf20ff2",[3905],"2a130c0","It's not like a thousand-person show.",{"_37":3908,"_23":302,"_303":3909,"_174":2100},"6cc6a3611cc6",[],{"_37":3911,"_23":302,"_303":3912,"_174":3914},"086e061f6027",[3913],"95fbbb0","Everything's fundamentally changing.",[3916,3918,3920],{"_37":3897,"_23":2140,"_2141":3917},"00:13:11.440",{"_37":3905,"_23":2140,"_2141":3919},"00:13:18.000",{"_37":3913,"_23":2140,"_2141":3921},"00:13:20.839",{"_37":3923,"_23":297,"_298":3924,"_306":3930,"_308":543},"36b7ee65ed1a",[3925],{"_37":3926,"_23":302,"_303":3927,"_174":3929},"feb59c340807",[3928],"3c4b64c","See, the question that's on every GP's mind right now that LPs are putting on them, is software still investable?",[3931],{"_37":3928,"_23":2140,"_2141":3932},"00:13:22.759",{"_37":3934,"_23":297,"_298":3935,"_306":3965,"_308":309},"d052f58ea253",[3936,3941,3944,3949,3952,3957,3960],{"_37":3937,"_23":302,"_303":3938,"_174":3940},"a3b6ee915cff",[3939],"5f2dd4e","Is software still investable?",{"_37":3942,"_23":302,"_303":3943,"_174":2100},"40b7fbc77687",[],{"_37":3945,"_23":302,"_303":3946,"_174":3948},"623cdef9d196",[3947],"f2b12c3","It is.",{"_37":3950,"_23":302,"_303":3951,"_174":2100},"541faa59f15d",[],{"_37":3953,"_23":302,"_303":3954,"_174":3956},"ab928053e8a9",[3955],"390efed","It needs to be on successful outcomes.",{"_37":3958,"_23":302,"_303":3959,"_174":2100},"9040ad4c6e17",[],{"_37":3961,"_23":302,"_303":3962,"_174":3964},"fc32092bd5fd",[3963],"a79e481","Right.",[3966,3968,3970,3972],{"_37":3939,"_23":2140,"_2141":3967},"00:13:30.579",{"_37":3947,"_23":2140,"_2141":3969},"00:13:32.420",{"_37":3955,"_23":2140,"_2141":3971},"00:13:33.699",{"_37":3963,"_23":2140,"_2141":3973},"00:13:38.600",{"_37":3975,"_23":297,"_298":3976,"_306":3982,"_308":309},"542abfa75990",[3977],{"_37":3978,"_23":302,"_303":3979,"_174":3981},"74af3cbe628e",[3980],"199bc62","Or utility-based pricing. Like, the charging per seat, I don't think that's gonna be very sustainable for a while.",[3983],{"_37":3980,"_23":2140,"_2141":3984},"00:13:39.160",{"_37":3986,"_23":297,"_298":3987,"_306":4009,"_308":309},"7a1d354e12de",[3988,3993,3996,4001,4004],{"_37":3989,"_23":302,"_303":3990,"_174":3992},"b29c3b162322",[3991],"49491ca","When I first opened this talk, I was talking about, I'd give this talk at Atlassian, and I was saying that, hey, look, if your unit economic is that you require your customers need",{"_37":3994,"_23":302,"_303":3995,"_174":2100},"fb88616b34a5",[],{"_37":3997,"_23":302,"_303":3998,"_174":4000},"24aeb820c485",[3999],"71e4e83","customers, and if they start laying off, then what does it mean for you?",{"_37":4002,"_23":302,"_303":4003,"_174":2100},"8bbd710180d6",[],{"_37":4005,"_23":302,"_303":4006,"_174":4008},"f2d6a5ec082e",[4007],"fd8ac1b","How does this not get recursive?",[4010,4012,4014],{"_37":3991,"_23":2140,"_2141":4011},"00:13:46.740",{"_37":3999,"_23":2140,"_2141":4013},"00:13:58.500",{"_37":4007,"_23":2140,"_2141":4015},"00:14:04.100",{"_37":4017,"_23":297,"_298":4018,"_306":4032,"_308":309},"271635d6b1fe",[4019,4024,4027],{"_37":4020,"_23":302,"_303":4021,"_174":4023},"2563ba6368cf",[4022],"f0f4a17","So if you're an existing company, you should be really thinking about unit economics in your business",{"_37":4025,"_23":302,"_303":4026,"_174":2100},"60054e9d36fc",[],{"_37":4028,"_23":302,"_303":4029,"_174":4031},"a8e52a6e922b",[4030],"4719a07","and having some answers.",[4033,4035],{"_37":4022,"_23":2140,"_2141":4034},"00:14:06.100",{"_37":4030,"_23":2140,"_2141":4036},"00:14:11.320",{"_37":4038,"_23":297,"_298":4039,"_306":4044,"_308":381},"251a686f47d5",[4040],{"_37":4041,"_23":302,"_303":4042,"_174":4043},"3f201cb3b34e",[],"The Middle Management Coordination Layer",[],{"_37":4046,"_23":297,"_298":4047,"_306":4061,"_308":309},"53d331f97c0d",[4048,4053,4056],{"_37":4049,"_23":302,"_303":4050,"_174":4052},"6d30ed424a62",[4051],"f64f78f","So for no particular reason at all, I'm gonna pick SAP Concur.",{"_37":4054,"_23":302,"_303":4055,"_174":2100},"01373ab4ee79",[],{"_37":4057,"_23":302,"_303":4058,"_174":4060},"f357188a59c8",[4059],"106200c","Because every story needs a frame.",[4062,4064],{"_37":4051,"_23":2140,"_2141":4063},"00:14:13.160",{"_37":4059,"_23":2140,"_2141":4065},"00:14:18.280",{"_37":4067,"_23":297,"_298":4068,"_306":4090,"_308":309},"e61f7dd6d5fb",[4069,4074,4077,4082,4085],{"_37":4070,"_23":302,"_303":4071,"_174":4073},"47f69c9cf666",[4072],"c4adedd","Now this is kinda funny.",{"_37":4075,"_23":302,"_303":4076,"_174":2100},"71362ce8a1b0",[],{"_37":4078,"_23":302,"_303":4079,"_174":4081},"938ff7e2dc56",[4080],"54f07cc","Well, last week I was in Miami at AI Engineer, and one of the engineers from SAP came up and said, hey, that was really funny.",{"_37":4083,"_23":302,"_303":4084,"_174":2100},"83baccf89538",[],{"_37":4086,"_23":302,"_303":4087,"_174":4089},"ee3cd238ded1",[4088],"63c0d3a","And he's like, I kinda agree.",[4091,4093,4095],{"_37":4072,"_23":2140,"_2141":4092},"00:14:20.740",{"_37":4080,"_23":2140,"_2141":4094},"00:14:22.020",{"_37":4088,"_23":2140,"_2141":4096},"00:14:31.060",{"_37":4098,"_23":297,"_298":4099,"_306":4129,"_308":309},"c7643bb041e6",[4100,4105,4108,4113,4116,4121,4124],{"_37":4101,"_23":302,"_303":4102,"_174":4104},"b2518c2a2834",[4103],"9dd60b8","And I was like, oh, did you know on LinkedIn, according to them, they have a fixed overheads of 6,800 people?",{"_37":4106,"_23":302,"_303":4107,"_174":2100},"c740549639cd",[],{"_37":4109,"_23":302,"_303":4110,"_174":4112},"2548ef754208",[4111],"c75c368","What?",{"_37":4114,"_23":302,"_303":4115,"_174":2100},"8e384cac3c05",[],{"_37":4117,"_23":302,"_303":4118,"_174":4120},"404f67084295",[4119],"e018b31","It's expense management software.",{"_37":4122,"_23":302,"_303":4123,"_174":2100},"c4d51294593b",[],{"_37":4125,"_23":302,"_303":4126,"_174":4128},"0aa63d3bb748",[4127],"270b7c9","Maybe I don't know about the details and the complexities, but I don't see why it needs to be 6800 people.",[4130,4132,4134,4136],{"_37":4103,"_23":2140,"_2141":4131},"00:14:33.720",{"_37":4111,"_23":2140,"_2141":4133},"00:14:42.800",{"_37":4119,"_23":2140,"_2141":4135},"00:14:43.280",{"_37":4127,"_23":2140,"_2141":4137},"00:14:45.520",{"_37":4139,"_23":297,"_298":4140,"_306":4162,"_308":309},"3b6ceac0016f",[4141,4146,4149,4154,4157],{"_37":4142,"_23":302,"_303":4143,"_174":4145},"d751b30f6fcb",[4144],"617bff1","And they were built with this organizational chart.",{"_37":4147,"_23":302,"_303":4148,"_174":2100},"acc39f0106ea",[],{"_37":4150,"_23":302,"_303":4151,"_174":4153},"2f0d6aba8af9",[4152],"4b0549b","I guess every organization has been built with this idea that you have your builders, you've got your leaders with vision.",{"_37":4155,"_23":302,"_303":4156,"_174":2100},"7f59662998fe",[],{"_37":4158,"_23":302,"_303":4159,"_174":4161},"4f4c8b71019d",[4160],"4b868e9","And then you've got your middle management coordination layer.",[4163,4165,4167],{"_37":4144,"_23":2140,"_2141":4164},"00:14:54.340",{"_37":4152,"_23":2140,"_2141":4166},"00:14:58.100",{"_37":4160,"_23":2140,"_2141":4168},"00:15:06.160",{"_37":4170,"_23":297,"_298":4171,"_306":4185,"_308":309},"3be2fc4ae370",[4172,4177,4180],{"_37":4173,"_23":302,"_303":4174,"_174":4176},"bf05aeaafcf4",[4175],"5155211","I want you to think about, like, how long does it take to transform 6,800 people within an organization?",{"_37":4178,"_23":302,"_303":4179,"_174":2100},"057eb86b84cf",[],{"_37":4181,"_23":302,"_303":4182,"_174":4184},"de6e86632635",[4183],"0344bad","They've got to go through a J-curve.",[4186,4188],{"_37":4175,"_23":2140,"_2141":4187},"00:15:14.420",{"_37":4183,"_23":2140,"_2141":4189},"00:15:22.680",{"_37":4191,"_23":297,"_298":4192,"_306":4222,"_308":309},"39cc3014616e",[4193,4198,4201,4206,4209,4214,4217],{"_37":4194,"_23":302,"_303":4195,"_174":4197},"c93cbeae409a",[4196],"41ba917","You should go look it up, like, people transformation in HR topics, and look what's involved in those change management programs.",{"_37":4199,"_23":302,"_303":4200,"_174":2100},"ae829f454a7d",[],{"_37":4202,"_23":302,"_303":4203,"_174":4205},"3f6e32a0bc50",[4204],"26f0eb6","You can do it too fast and you can break people.",{"_37":4207,"_23":302,"_303":4208,"_174":2100},"dd4152a5e2ef",[],{"_37":4210,"_23":302,"_303":4211,"_174":4213},"3b8e2cbb4b1a",[4212],"db1ee21","You can break organizations.",{"_37":4215,"_23":302,"_303":4216,"_174":2100},"a43bd3a9889a",[],{"_37":4218,"_23":302,"_303":4219,"_174":4221},"425d943bab7e",[4220],"9391b69","I've been in organizations where it's been accelerated too fast on that J-curve transformation.",[4223,4225,4227,4229],{"_37":4196,"_23":2140,"_2141":4224},"00:15:24.680",{"_37":4204,"_23":2140,"_2141":4226},"00:15:32.279",{"_37":4212,"_23":2140,"_2141":4228},"00:15:35.399",{"_37":4220,"_23":2140,"_2141":4230},"00:15:36.920",{"_37":4232,"_23":297,"_298":4233,"_306":4247,"_308":309},"8239366c2d8e",[4234,4239,4242],{"_37":4235,"_23":302,"_303":4236,"_174":4238},"bba18bdfa7d9",[4237],"e163a8d","But yeah, how long does it take to transform 6,800 people?",{"_37":4240,"_23":302,"_303":4241,"_174":2100},"688ca44e3700",[],{"_37":4243,"_23":302,"_303":4244,"_174":4246},"90accdca9ec9",[4245],"87afd5c","And I want you to think about this, because this is your opportunity as startup founders.",[4248,4250],{"_37":4237,"_23":2140,"_2141":4249},"00:15:41.800",{"_37":4245,"_23":2140,"_2141":4251},"00:15:45.640",{"_37":4253,"_23":297,"_298":4254,"_306":4268,"_308":309},"9b061ac9b72f",[4255,4260,4263],{"_37":4256,"_23":302,"_303":4257,"_174":4259},"2acdfe4fe413",[4258],"03ec531","While they're trying to figure out how they're going to use AI and how they're going to transform their organizations,",{"_37":4261,"_23":302,"_303":4262,"_174":2100},"2374b939229e",[],{"_37":4264,"_23":302,"_303":4265,"_174":4267},"c17d58dffd58",[4266],"90eae45","this is your opportunity to basically head to the market really fast and leverage the heck out of it.",[4269,4271],{"_37":4258,"_23":2140,"_2141":4270},"00:15:53.000",{"_37":4266,"_23":2140,"_2141":4272},"00:15:59.380",{"_37":4274,"_23":297,"_298":4275,"_306":4297,"_308":309},"fd590db62e14",[4276,4281,4284,4289,4292],{"_37":4277,"_23":302,"_303":4278,"_174":4280},"179f8f5edae1",[4279],"c679d1e","You get into the topics of Clayton Christensen and disruptive innovation.",{"_37":4282,"_23":302,"_303":4283,"_174":2100},"16baf3c69293",[],{"_37":4285,"_23":302,"_303":4286,"_174":4288},"553468b0b4f8",[4287],"108d1a9","I think timeframes are getting compressed, and as models get better in intelligence and models get better in speed, and techniques on how to utilize these models,",{"_37":4290,"_23":302,"_303":4291,"_174":2100},"310ecbac87b5",[],{"_37":4293,"_23":302,"_303":4294,"_174":4296},"d297a3bd2b1a",[4295],"0638f5f","the end result is you can be at their door much faster.",[4298,4300,4302],{"_37":4279,"_23":2140,"_2141":4299},"00:16:07.360",{"_37":4287,"_23":2140,"_2141":4301},"00:16:11.120",{"_37":4295,"_23":2140,"_2141":4303},"00:16:21.160",{"_37":4305,"_23":297,"_298":4306,"_306":4320,"_308":309},"7aad4c7ef1e4",[4307,4312,4315],{"_37":4308,"_23":302,"_303":4309,"_174":4311},"e6a3e0c3c795",[4310],"a8d8c64","So yeah, how long does it take to transform 6800 people?",{"_37":4313,"_23":302,"_303":4314,"_174":2100},"4dc943c44f7c",[],{"_37":4316,"_23":302,"_303":4317,"_174":4319},"7dacc06ef98f",[4318],"1ee703c","Or more interestingly, why would you transform 6800 people?",[4321,4323],{"_37":4310,"_23":2140,"_2141":4322},"00:16:26.360",{"_37":4318,"_23":2140,"_2141":4324},"00:16:29.720",{"_37":4326,"_23":297,"_298":4327,"_306":4349,"_308":309},"d46edbc5b125",[4328,4333,4336,4341,4344],{"_37":4329,"_23":302,"_303":4330,"_174":4332},"433dbf77f442",[4331],"3667128","It's kinda on the nose, it's kinda like grim in that sense, but like this is a topic that has quietly been discussed.",{"_37":4334,"_23":302,"_303":4335,"_174":2100},"9733a59b6f95",[],{"_37":4337,"_23":302,"_303":4338,"_174":4340},"941d1c577109",[4339],"5d326ee","Like,",{"_37":4342,"_23":302,"_303":4343,"_174":2100},"f288dd33f810",[],{"_37":4345,"_23":302,"_303":4346,"_174":4348},"99713368e067",[4347],"ce59d54","how many people do we transform?",[4350,4352,4354],{"_37":4331,"_23":2140,"_2141":4351},"00:16:35.860",{"_37":4339,"_23":2140,"_2141":4353},"00:16:45.300",{"_37":4347,"_23":2140,"_2141":4355},"00:16:46.520",{"_37":4357,"_23":297,"_298":4358,"_306":4372,"_308":309},"7710c64f25c1",[4359,4364,4367],{"_37":4360,"_23":302,"_303":4361,"_174":4363},"9a4d1ef4974c",[4362],"0e77880","Because what we're doing is essentially forcing guitars down on corporates all around the world, or businesses around the world.",{"_37":4365,"_23":302,"_303":4366,"_174":2100},"30126aec1cd0",[],{"_37":4368,"_23":302,"_303":4369,"_174":4371},"57228d98825e",[4370],"6da26a5","And we're pleading with people, please pick up the guitar, please play the musical instrument, without even factoring in whether someone actually has musical capability.",[4373,4375],{"_37":4362,"_23":2140,"_2141":4374},"00:16:49.240",{"_37":4370,"_23":2140,"_2141":4376},"00:16:55.980",{"_37":4378,"_23":297,"_298":4379,"_306":4401,"_308":309},"462d8c29e460",[4380,4385,4388,4393,4396],{"_37":4381,"_23":302,"_303":4382,"_174":4384},"ccfa5685853b",[4383],"1137426","For some reason, LLMs click with some minds really well, and people get to have this skill.",{"_37":4386,"_23":302,"_303":4387,"_174":2100},"3910d28347cd",[],{"_37":4389,"_23":302,"_303":4390,"_174":4392},"2bec74c99256",[4391],"09779e4","But not everyone's gonna have the skill and capability.",{"_37":4394,"_23":302,"_303":4395,"_174":2100},"43523cdc918d",[],{"_37":4397,"_23":302,"_303":4398,"_174":4400},"d13a73c7a890",[4399],"216d8fe","So the question in mind is, like, why would you transform the 6,800 people?",[4402,4404,4406],{"_37":4383,"_23":2140,"_2141":4403},"00:17:07.480",{"_37":4391,"_23":2140,"_2141":4405},"00:17:13.160",{"_37":4399,"_23":2140,"_2141":4407},"00:17:16.360",{"_37":4409,"_23":297,"_298":4410,"_306":4424,"_308":309},"6a849c5e2ee5",[4411,4416,4419],{"_37":4412,"_23":302,"_303":4413,"_174":4415},"7a7fecdf456f",[4414],"d56cf93","'Cause we all know that less is more when it comes to personal relationships.",{"_37":4417,"_23":302,"_303":4418,"_174":2100},"0f9d85df8bea",[],{"_37":4420,"_23":302,"_303":4421,"_174":4423},"86a25be67dd6",[4422],"1fbe0ea","Like, the topic of, like, smaller teams produce better outcomes.",[4425,4427],{"_37":4414,"_23":2140,"_2141":4426},"00:17:22.139",{"_37":4422,"_23":2140,"_2141":4428},"00:17:29.800",{"_37":4430,"_23":297,"_298":4431,"_306":4461,"_308":309},"f646a6d465a9",[4432,4437,4440,4445,4448,4453,4456],{"_37":4433,"_23":302,"_303":4434,"_174":4436},"a99114f94980",[4435],"e3772eb","If you've ever done any event management and you've been a host,",{"_37":4438,"_23":302,"_303":4439,"_174":2100},"970dcda06839",[],{"_37":4441,"_23":302,"_303":4442,"_174":4444},"e6bfa624aea0",[4443],"1b7bf35","you know that you've got to slowly grow the community.",{"_37":4446,"_23":302,"_303":4447,"_174":2100},"6aea7e68424c",[],{"_37":4449,"_23":302,"_303":4450,"_174":4452},"0414f5aed6e6",[4451],"c75f0dd","If you invite too many people at once who don't know each other, it just turns into coordination chaos.",{"_37":4454,"_23":302,"_303":4455,"_174":2100},"da85a1217276",[],{"_37":4457,"_23":302,"_303":4458,"_174":4460},"72fce19ac902",[4459],"89d78bb","Likewise, smaller teams are better.",[4462,4464,4466,4468],{"_37":4435,"_23":2140,"_2141":4463},"00:17:33.560",{"_37":4443,"_23":2140,"_2141":4465},"00:17:37.620",{"_37":4451,"_23":2140,"_2141":4467},"00:17:41.300",{"_37":4459,"_23":2140,"_2141":4469},"00:17:46.780",{"_37":4471,"_23":297,"_298":4472,"_306":4494,"_308":309},"efd44afdb959",[4473,4478,4481,4486,4489],{"_37":4474,"_23":302,"_303":4475,"_174":4477},"b6da9f46a22d",[4476],"0c1fb99","So I would really, for the founders in the room or people starting a company, really internalize this.",{"_37":4479,"_23":302,"_303":4480,"_174":2100},"79d27e19e89a",[],{"_37":4482,"_23":302,"_303":4483,"_174":4485},"9fb1693df0b5",[4484],"d3fc4fc","Like, a lot of the advice out there that exists has been written as best practices before AI came to be.",{"_37":4487,"_23":302,"_303":4488,"_174":2100},"8932497bee68",[],{"_37":4490,"_23":302,"_303":4491,"_174":4493},"4eaf49ab03a6",[4492],"f2a4609","It doesn't mean that we can discard everything.",[4495,4497,4499],{"_37":4476,"_23":2140,"_2141":4496},"00:17:49.820",{"_37":4484,"_23":2140,"_2141":4498},"00:17:57.200",{"_37":4492,"_23":2140,"_2141":4500},"00:18:06.880",{"_37":4502,"_23":297,"_298":4503,"_306":4533,"_308":309},"08d08e0c905d",[4504,4509,4512,4517,4520,4525,4528],{"_37":4505,"_23":302,"_303":4506,"_174":4508},"e738a6d50953",[4507],"e4beb56","You see, there's already founders out there who've actually internalized this.",{"_37":4510,"_23":302,"_303":4511,"_174":2100},"32e4b74fa9ab",[],{"_37":4513,"_23":302,"_303":4514,"_174":4516},"1f269eb5f864",[4515],"0503358","Like, look at the date there.",{"_37":4518,"_23":302,"_303":4519,"_174":2100},"fe1f2e1a2739",[],{"_37":4521,"_23":302,"_303":4522,"_174":4524},"ff75cb0d4fb3",[4523],"9160872","2023.",{"_37":4526,"_23":302,"_303":4527,"_174":2100},"09c838996e43",[],{"_37":4529,"_23":302,"_303":4530,"_174":4532},"e961acf79ffe",[4531],"ea8b5d5","That's three years ago.",[4534,4536,4538,4540],{"_37":4507,"_23":2140,"_2141":4535},"00:18:10.460",{"_37":4515,"_23":2140,"_2141":4537},"00:18:15.740",{"_37":4523,"_23":2140,"_2141":4539},"00:18:17.500",{"_37":4531,"_23":2140,"_2141":4541},"00:18:18.380",{"_37":4543,"_23":297,"_298":4544,"_306":4566,"_308":309},"614417dbe3b5",[4545,4550,4553,4558,4561],{"_37":4546,"_23":302,"_303":4547,"_174":4549},"1fafbaca9216",[4548],"6395972","This is a founder in New Zealand.",{"_37":4551,"_23":302,"_303":4552,"_174":2100},"7ad41efe348e",[],{"_37":4554,"_23":302,"_303":4555,"_174":4557},"237ea3c34416",[4556],"cfe981b","He started making changes back then.",{"_37":4559,"_23":302,"_303":4560,"_174":2100},"169f38383d22",[],{"_37":4562,"_23":302,"_303":4563,"_174":4565},"c8fb54f6c192",[4564],"dcd66c3","We're effectively smaller now, but we effectively cut two-thirds of our staff by telling our board that we wouldn't backfill.",[4567,4569,4571],{"_37":4548,"_23":2140,"_2141":4568},"00:18:19.980",{"_37":4556,"_23":2140,"_2141":4570},"00:18:23.040",{"_37":4564,"_23":2140,"_2141":4572},"00:18:30.360",{"_37":4574,"_23":297,"_298":4575,"_306":4597,"_308":543},"5af18f643221",[4576,4581,4584,4589,4592],{"_37":4577,"_23":302,"_303":4578,"_174":4580},"97bc7023929a",[4579],"069d3d7","I think this is the quiet thing that's not being said aloud around many corporates right now.",{"_37":4582,"_23":302,"_303":4583,"_174":2100},"7c9a056ad17a",[],{"_37":4585,"_23":302,"_303":4586,"_174":4588},"a28b79726902",[4587],"41a4dba","They're just not backfilling.",{"_37":4590,"_23":302,"_303":4591,"_174":2100},"9940f036a176",[],{"_37":4593,"_23":302,"_303":4594,"_174":4596},"d904bdf47a8f",[4595],"296530c","They're not doing layoffs, they're just not 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two videos, and every corporate started just",{"_37":4836,"_23":302,"_303":4837,"_174":2100},"6a12636e9856",[],{"_37":4839,"_23":302,"_303":4840,"_174":4842},"5810895f9f22",[4841],"4508f35","copy and pasting the Spotify Agile.",{"_37":4844,"_23":302,"_303":4845,"_174":2100},"f93194624b62",[],{"_37":4847,"_23":302,"_303":4848,"_174":4850},"a3df231062a1",[4849],"cf5f723","We're doing Spotify Agile.",[4852,4854,4856],{"_37":4833,"_23":2140,"_2141":4853},"00:20:13.960",{"_37":4841,"_23":2140,"_2141":4855},"00:20:19.440",{"_37":4849,"_23":2140,"_2141":4857},"00:20:22.000",{"_37":4859,"_23":297,"_298":4860,"_306":4874,"_308":309},"156e97564eed",[4861,4866,4869],{"_37":4862,"_23":302,"_303":4863,"_174":4865},"ee2b835e9db6",[4864],"c60c03b","Now it's gonna be one of these breakaway founders doing this fifty-two pickup, playing with these org charts and figuring out how to 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room.",[5156,5158,5160,5162,5164],{"_37":5121,"_23":2140,"_2141":5157},"00:22:27.440",{"_37":5129,"_23":2140,"_2141":5159},"00:22:28.460",{"_37":5137,"_23":2140,"_2141":5161},"00:22:31.420",{"_37":5145,"_23":2140,"_2141":5163},"00:22:36.300",{"_37":5153,"_23":2140,"_2141":5165},"00:22:41.120",{"_37":5167,"_23":297,"_298":5168,"_306":5198,"_308":309},"c90b9535ff27",[5169,5174,5177,5182,5185,5190,5193],{"_37":5170,"_23":302,"_303":5171,"_174":5173},"4a9163cec070",[5172],"b151f47","If you're trying to figure out how do you find good people to hire,",{"_37":5175,"_23":302,"_303":5176,"_174":2100},"8234c0fdf802",[],{"_37":5178,"_23":302,"_303":5179,"_174":5181},"a55a34a45ed6",[5180],"956449e","I've got some tips coming up.",{"_37":5183,"_23":302,"_303":5184,"_174":2100},"ba27071faca2",[],{"_37":5186,"_23":302,"_303":5187,"_174":5189},"3fab0a2ef71e",[5188],"9c4280e","But within the corporate, there's gonna be these little pockets in corporate.",{"_37":5191,"_23":302,"_303":5192,"_174":2100},"bedb32841142",[],{"_37":5194,"_23":302,"_303":5195,"_174":5197},"9894bae17adf",[5196],"2a4d61a","And they're gonna be sick of being called mad or they've got psychosis or what else have you.",[5199,5201,5203,5205],{"_37":5172,"_23":2140,"_2141":5200},"00:22:47.440",{"_37":5180,"_23":2140,"_2141":5202},"00:22:52.519",{"_37":5188,"_23":2140,"_2141":5204},"00:22:54.679",{"_37":5196,"_23":2140,"_2141":5206},"00:22:59.880",{"_37":5208,"_23":297,"_298":5209,"_306":5223,"_308":309},"a085fe31bbaf",[5210,5215,5218],{"_37":5211,"_23":302,"_303":5212,"_174":5214},"f1a5fba6c01d",[5213],"f9200a8","Because they're going to be surrounded by peers who just don't have it yet, and they're investing in themselves, and they're going to look for opportunities.",{"_37":5216,"_23":302,"_303":5217,"_174":2100},"afd33c3dfa8d",[],{"_37":5219,"_23":302,"_303":5220,"_174":5222},"a471ecbde324",[5221],"0bc5282","Within all these companies rolling out, you can just pluck them, trust me.",[5224,5226],{"_37":5213,"_23":2140,"_2141":5225},"00:23:06.340",{"_37":5221,"_23":2140,"_2141":5227},"00:23:14.419",{"_37":5229,"_23":297,"_298":5230,"_306":5260,"_308":309},"229b3041b00d",[5231,5236,5239,5244,5247,5252,5255],{"_37":5232,"_23":302,"_303":5233,"_174":5235},"cb903ce974eb",[5234],"694b643","You see, if a company struggles with AI adoption, that's kind of a solvable problem.",{"_37":5237,"_23":302,"_303":5238,"_174":2100},"92dcece946e5",[],{"_37":5240,"_23":302,"_303":5241,"_174":5243},"b8c6c0bd6a9c",[5242],"5866bb2","That's like literally all I think about these days and what I work with and help out with.",{"_37":5245,"_23":302,"_303":5246,"_174":2100},"836ebe646d3c",[],{"_37":5248,"_23":302,"_303":5249,"_174":5251},"34273b7f1c50",[5250],"fa6bf3c","But employees trade time and skill for money.",{"_37":5253,"_23":302,"_303":5254,"_174":2100},"5a464056f028",[],{"_37":5256,"_23":302,"_303":5257,"_174":5259},"119e14d871a5",[5258],"24ea624","And I really want people to actually invest in themselves.",[5261,5263,5265,5267],{"_37":5234,"_23":2140,"_2141":5262},"00:23:20.920",{"_37":5242,"_23":2140,"_2141":5264},"00:23:27.400",{"_37":5250,"_23":2140,"_2141":5266},"00:23:31.740",{"_37":5258,"_23":2140,"_2141":5268},"00:23:34.460",{"_37":5270,"_23":297,"_298":5271,"_306":5301,"_308":309},"33d8f314709a",[5272,5277,5280,5285,5288,5293,5296],{"_37":5273,"_23":302,"_303":5274,"_174":5276},"1a6f83ec3cba",[5275],"f3f0c17","For the engineers in the room, I want you to have a look at this chart.",{"_37":5278,"_23":302,"_303":5279,"_174":2100},"3b89c4fb84ee",[],{"_37":5281,"_23":302,"_303":5282,"_174":5284},"f2d40fd87926",[5283],"f0a5c07","I first created this chart two years ago.",{"_37":5286,"_23":302,"_303":5287,"_174":2100},"51b9e9bdd2e8",[],{"_37":5289,"_23":302,"_303":5290,"_174":5292},"8da5a5bb8a42",[5291],"4cf9b06","Whereabouts are you?",{"_37":5294,"_23":302,"_303":5295,"_174":2100},"4bce26182238",[],{"_37":5297,"_23":302,"_303":5298,"_174":5300},"2e3bc2f1f590",[5299],"ad8ba82","Hopefully you're up over on the right.",[5302,5304,5306,5308],{"_37":5275,"_23":2140,"_2141":5303},"00:23:39.500",{"_37":5283,"_23":2140,"_2141":5305},"00:23:43.440",{"_37":5291,"_23":2140,"_2141":5307},"00:23:48.000",{"_37":5299,"_23":2140,"_2141":5309},"00:23:50.240",{"_37":5311,"_23":297,"_298":5312,"_306":5342,"_308":309},"fcc0f5845615",[5313,5318,5321,5326,5329,5334,5337],{"_37":5314,"_23":302,"_303":5315,"_174":5317},"5c6e81afa7ef",[5316],"e9111d2","And then 2026, you're using AI to do your job.",{"_37":5319,"_23":302,"_303":5320,"_174":2100},"326ca18a60e9",[],{"_37":5322,"_23":302,"_303":5323,"_174":5325},"b5246bb03150",[5324],"5f40a16","And maybe you're building a software factory, and you're playing around with these ideas of, like, maybe a software factory just won't work.",{"_37":5327,"_23":302,"_303":5328,"_174":2100},"cc3cbaaf2069",[],{"_37":5330,"_23":302,"_303":5331,"_174":5333},"d7850e6749d0",[5332],"58fc1af","Maybe it will work, or maybe we need something else to exist before software factories work.",{"_37":5335,"_23":302,"_303":5336,"_174":2100},"c7553dd52eb8",[],{"_37":5338,"_23":302,"_303":5339,"_174":5341},"a6b2f82665e8",[5340],"20247fc","You're really pushing the boundaries and edge.",[5343,5345,5347,5349],{"_37":5316,"_23":2140,"_2141":5344},"00:23:53.880",{"_37":5324,"_23":2140,"_2141":5346},"00:23:58.520",{"_37":5332,"_23":2140,"_2141":5348},"00:24:07.040",{"_37":5340,"_23":2140,"_2141":5350},"00:24:11.760",{"_37":5352,"_23":297,"_298":5353,"_306":5375,"_308":309},"14391a56fd57",[5354,5359,5362,5367,5370],{"_37":5355,"_23":302,"_303":5356,"_174":5358},"7700e13789ba",[5357],"aee5efa","Would you believe,",{"_37":5360,"_23":302,"_303":5361,"_174":2100},"f173c8789a9f",[],{"_37":5363,"_23":302,"_303":5364,"_174":5366},"5585660ad3e5",[5365],"28e1dc5","most people are still on the left side of the chart.",{"_37":5368,"_23":302,"_303":5369,"_174":2100},"13de106a2583",[],{"_37":5371,"_23":302,"_303":5372,"_174":5374},"b8f7e02f7ac0",[5373],"b4c9884","Shockingly so.",[5376,5378,5380],{"_37":5357,"_23":2140,"_2141":5377},"00:24:14.640",{"_37":5365,"_23":2140,"_2141":5379},"00:24:17.360",{"_37":5373,"_23":2140,"_2141":5381},"00:24:22.000",{"_37":5383,"_23":297,"_298":5384,"_306":5414,"_308":309},"2e7260a01311",[5385,5390,5393,5398,5401,5406,5409],{"_37":5386,"_23":302,"_303":5387,"_174":5389},"2d365a17647d",[5388],"1f252f0","Like, I was here 90 days ago at a Codex meetup.",{"_37":5391,"_23":302,"_303":5392,"_174":2100},"2e7805970f3e",[],{"_37":5394,"_23":302,"_303":5395,"_174":5397},"c2b1b03c8de0",[5396],"603e24f","And I gatecrashed it, and I just did, like, a theory that I'm about to get into.",{"_37":5399,"_23":302,"_303":5400,"_174":2100},"9108c8395836",[],{"_37":5402,"_23":302,"_303":5403,"_174":5405},"56fa566ee985",[5404],"3e6b71b","And I said, how many people in the 200 people here have actually built an agent,",{"_37":5407,"_23":302,"_303":5408,"_174":2100},"f5ca955b4fa8",[],{"_37":5410,"_23":302,"_303":5411,"_174":5413},"e98b19f4f963",[5412],"50fff3d","and actually classified themselves as a senior engineer, and could teach me, like a sequence diagram on a whiteboard, how this all works under the hood?",[5415,5417,5419,5421],{"_37":5388,"_23":2140,"_2141":5416},"00:24:24.160",{"_37":5396,"_23":2140,"_2141":5418},"00:24:28.660",{"_37":5404,"_23":2140,"_2141":5420},"00:24:34.500",{"_37":5412,"_23":2140,"_2141":5422},"00:24:40.220",{"_37":5424,"_23":297,"_298":5425,"_306":5447,"_308":309},"8530e68280dd",[5426,5431,5434,5439,5442],{"_37":5427,"_23":302,"_303":5428,"_174":5430},"bd342705d697",[5429],"8cffa82","Like, I don't want consumers of, like, Cursor or, like, Codex or Copilot.",{"_37":5432,"_23":302,"_303":5433,"_174":2100},"35d1c66864d9",[],{"_37":5435,"_23":302,"_303":5436,"_174":5438},"0db1d0ac43a6",[5437],"ff20b45","I want a mechanic that knows actually what a piston is.",{"_37":5440,"_23":302,"_303":5441,"_174":2100},"daecf6126b8b",[],{"_37":5443,"_23":302,"_303":5444,"_174":5446},"6b93c5faa51b",[5445],"a634d49","I want engineers to be engineers.",[5448,5450,5452],{"_37":5429,"_23":2140,"_2141":5449},"00:24:50.240",{"_37":5437,"_23":2140,"_2141":5451},"00:24:56.160",{"_37":5445,"_23":2140,"_2141":5453},"00:25:01.120",{"_37":5455,"_23":297,"_298":5456,"_306":5478,"_308":309},"e988797a5ccc",[5457,5462,5465,5470,5473],{"_37":5458,"_23":302,"_303":5459,"_174":5461},"2b786cd2f135",[5460],"6f7acb2","Only five hands went up.",{"_37":5463,"_23":302,"_303":5464,"_174":2100},"933ea1168ff0",[],{"_37":5466,"_23":302,"_303":5467,"_174":5469},"9c0dc89da927",[5468],"b602d53","This is in San Francisco at a Codex meetup.",{"_37":5471,"_23":302,"_303":5472,"_174":2100},"2cb930384baf",[],{"_37":5474,"_23":302,"_303":5475,"_174":5477},"b11cb8041ba9",[5476],"4deb97d","I know, sample bias, whatever, but this is the new litmus test.",[5479,5481,5483],{"_37":5460,"_23":2140,"_2141":5480},"00:25:03.880",{"_37":5468,"_23":2140,"_2141":5482},"00:25:06.040",{"_37":5476,"_23":2140,"_2141":5484},"00:25:09.560",{"_37":5486,"_23":297,"_298":5487,"_306":5517,"_308":309},"d32a291182e5",[5488,5493,5496,5501,5504,5509,5512],{"_37":5489,"_23":302,"_303":5490,"_174":5492},"b9b2b977d89c",[5491],"3839493","If you're trying to figure out who to hire,",{"_37":5494,"_23":302,"_303":5495,"_174":2100},"d011d1d4723a",[],{"_37":5497,"_23":302,"_303":5498,"_174":5500},"f770c7275549",[5499],"58f0b96","or, like, who should keep or not keep within an existing organization.",{"_37":5502,"_23":302,"_303":5503,"_174":2100},"cd1551493fbd",[],{"_37":5505,"_23":302,"_303":5506,"_174":5508},"1ae883af8725",[5507],"1e48dab","Really, I don't hire on the left side of the line anymore.",{"_37":5510,"_23":302,"_303":5511,"_174":2100},"a580a79a0b8a",[],{"_37":5513,"_23":302,"_303":5514,"_174":5516},"f6fbcb3242db",[5515],"bca63b2","I call it the curiosity test.",[5518,5520,5522,5524],{"_37":5491,"_23":2140,"_2141":5519},"00:25:14.520",{"_37":5499,"_23":2140,"_2141":5521},"00:25:17.220",{"_37":5507,"_23":2140,"_2141":5523},"00:25:22.180",{"_37":5515,"_23":2140,"_2141":5525},"00:25:26.340",{"_37":5527,"_23":297,"_298":5528,"_306":5542,"_308":309},"da5918df674f",[5529,5534,5537],{"_37":5530,"_23":302,"_303":5531,"_174":5533},"fbd1ab3b62e4",[5532],"d08b715","If they're not using AI after the transformation of the last couple of years, like, there's no rescuing, because there's now a cohort of juniors that you can hire, and seniors can hire, and there's people who are",{"_37":5535,"_23":302,"_303":5536,"_174":2100},"09691e550a41",[],{"_37":5538,"_23":302,"_303":5539,"_174":5541},"cb91cc2ae0b0",[5540],"4f47d55","just hyper engineer burning tokens like nothing else and have developed this intuition on how these models work and what the problems are.",[5543,5545],{"_37":5532,"_23":2140,"_2141":5544},"00:25:30.000",{"_37":5540,"_23":2140,"_2141":5546},"00:25:42.620",{"_37":5548,"_23":297,"_298":5549,"_306":5579,"_308":309},"2eedebc6e39a",[5550,5555,5558,5563,5566,5571,5574],{"_37":5551,"_23":302,"_303":5552,"_174":5554},"984a0e77cbac",[5553],"902f4d3","It's not like you can just download the latest model, and just, like, you're using AI now.",{"_37":5556,"_23":302,"_303":5557,"_174":2100},"edc6470428ef",[],{"_37":5559,"_23":302,"_303":5560,"_174":5562},"635ba4601370",[5561],"636f0c3","Unfortunately, people on the left side, they think they can just download and use it.",{"_37":5564,"_23":302,"_303":5565,"_174":2100},"9f780a007225",[],{"_37":5567,"_23":302,"_303":5568,"_174":5570},"47ad5c2ca4f2",[5569],"6ac1d93","They just don't know how deep the rabbit hole goes.",{"_37":5572,"_23":302,"_303":5573,"_174":2100},"c603e0d0ad8a",[],{"_37":5575,"_23":302,"_303":5576,"_174":5578},"496ea1415fef",[5577],"1f9e896","So think very deeply about this.",[5580,5582,5584,5586],{"_37":5553,"_23":2140,"_2141":5581},"00:25:50.700",{"_37":5561,"_23":2140,"_2141":5583},"00:25:55.919",{"_37":5569,"_23":2140,"_2141":5585},"00:25:59.919",{"_37":5577,"_23":2140,"_2141":5587},"00:26:02.960",{"_37":5589,"_23":297,"_298":5590,"_306":5627,"_308":309},"618e2c3fad91",[5591,5596,5599,5604,5607,5611,5614,5619,5622],{"_37":5592,"_23":302,"_303":5593,"_174":5595},"712c171bbeaa",[5594],"c4ca799","If I was to ask you what a primary key is, or, I've got this graph, can you traverse the graph?",{"_37":5597,"_23":302,"_303":5598,"_174":2100},"3b75e586a0a5",[],{"_37":5600,"_23":302,"_303":5601,"_174":5603},"f27f4eb748d0",[5602],"4a69847","You should be able to do that on a whiteboard.",{"_37":5605,"_23":302,"_303":5606,"_174":2100},"7efd0dd5fe8b",[],{"_37":5608,"_23":302,"_303":5609,"_174":4611},"87dc907a1e52",[5610],"f85a689",{"_37":5612,"_23":302,"_303":5613,"_174":2100},"1c3dda00c128",[],{"_37":5615,"_23":302,"_303":5616,"_174":5618},"3f966cdfc2f6",[5617],"fc4da46","Like, what are you doing?",{"_37":5620,"_23":302,"_303":5621,"_174":2100},"02c77552c8c8",[],{"_37":5623,"_23":302,"_303":5624,"_174":5626},"357025dbb141",[5625],"581a57f","Are you shit testing me, Geoff?",[5628,5630,5632,5634,5636],{"_37":5594,"_23":2140,"_2141":5629},"00:26:07.360",{"_37":5602,"_23":2140,"_2141":5631},"00:26:13.200",{"_37":5610,"_23":2140,"_2141":5633},"00:26:15.540",{"_37":5617,"_23":2140,"_2141":5635},"00:26:16.420",{"_37":5625,"_23":2140,"_2141":5637},"00:26:17.140",{"_37":5639,"_23":297,"_298":5640,"_306":5662,"_308":309},"ae4196b0760c",[5641,5646,5649,5654,5657],{"_37":5642,"_23":302,"_303":5643,"_174":5645},"8d3f612ec6a0",[5644],"5c8a11e","Like, what is the primary key?",{"_37":5647,"_23":302,"_303":5648,"_174":2100},"e6f9fcee59c4",[],{"_37":5650,"_23":302,"_303":5651,"_174":5653},"00913dca3a96",[5652],"d18fe6d","Everyone should be able to answer this.",{"_37":5655,"_23":302,"_303":5656,"_174":2100},"e86417c22e32",[],{"_37":5658,"_23":302,"_303":5659,"_174":5661},"b52622e22eac",[5660],"1a292f1","Why is it that no engineers can bloody answer this question?",[5663,5665,5667],{"_37":5644,"_23":2140,"_2141":5664},"00:26:18.820",{"_37":5652,"_23":2140,"_2141":5666},"00:26:20.500",{"_37":5660,"_23":2140,"_2141":5668},"00:26:23.780",{"_37":5670,"_23":297,"_298":5671,"_306":5693,"_308":309},"355f6fef203e",[5672,5677,5680,5685,5688],{"_37":5673,"_23":302,"_303":5674,"_174":5676},"e243c07b7995",[5675],"b9892c4","Like, if you were to pull up a whiteboard, and, like, can you show me the inferencing loop?",{"_37":5678,"_23":302,"_303":5679,"_174":2100},"80643ac970f5",[],{"_37":5681,"_23":302,"_303":5682,"_174":5684},"b16f4192ddf2",[5683],"4474a1a","What does a tool call look like?",{"_37":5686,"_23":302,"_303":5687,"_174":2100},"2211fcb6eb6a",[],{"_37":5689,"_23":302,"_303":5690,"_174":5692},"e891c9bae128",[5691],"ca90992","Why do we continually append to the array?",[5694,5696,5698],{"_37":5675,"_23":2140,"_2141":5695},"00:26:28.940",{"_37":5683,"_23":2140,"_2141":5697},"00:26:33.900",{"_37":5691,"_23":2140,"_2141":5699},"00:26:36.679",{"_37":5701,"_23":297,"_298":5702,"_306":5732,"_308":309},"bc2ab17a2ceb",[5703,5708,5711,5716,5719,5724,5727],{"_37":5704,"_23":302,"_303":5705,"_174":5707},"bfa1186a8687",[5706],"9a9449a","What infrastructure reasons would it be that the frontier labs are doing this,",{"_37":5709,"_23":302,"_303":5710,"_174":2100},"cd5b9b611ff0",[],{"_37":5712,"_23":302,"_303":5713,"_174":5715},"9a45f3543607",[5714],"93a34bd","in a way that they continually have to continually append the previous conversation?",{"_37":5717,"_23":302,"_303":5718,"_174":2100},"4683b0a19d96",[],{"_37":5720,"_23":302,"_303":5721,"_174":5723},"b5ae7b8b9f85",[5722],"6688f18","Like, where's the technical depth?",{"_37":5725,"_23":302,"_303":5726,"_174":2100},"ab943dc41d86",[],{"_37":5728,"_23":302,"_303":5729,"_174":5731},"1dd969927b77",[5730],"c35f888","Where's the curiosity, engineers?",[5733,5735,5737,5739],{"_37":5706,"_23":2140,"_2141":5734},"00:26:41.000",{"_37":5714,"_23":2140,"_2141":5736},"00:26:46.160",{"_37":5722,"_23":2140,"_2141":5738},"00:26:49.840",{"_37":5730,"_23":2140,"_2141":5740},"00:26:51.360",{"_37":5742,"_23":297,"_298":5743,"_306":5773,"_308":309},"3dd6f8983f8c",[5744,5749,5752,5757,5760,5765,5768],{"_37":5745,"_23":302,"_303":5746,"_174":5748},"7c4f72c94636",[5747],"eae6da2","You're trying to figure out who to hire.",{"_37":5750,"_23":302,"_303":5751,"_174":2100},"b199e4ee0b28",[],{"_37":5753,"_23":302,"_303":5754,"_174":5756},"f9513b551d5e",[5755],"a2849c9","And you're trying to figure out how to design your interview structures? It's really simple.",{"_37":5758,"_23":302,"_303":5759,"_174":2100},"552f3930e82d",[],{"_37":5761,"_23":302,"_303":5762,"_174":5764},"07d220bbecb8",[5763],"a45aede","Ask someone to build an agent.",{"_37":5766,"_23":302,"_303":5767,"_174":2100},"c3b79bf7cb3d",[],{"_37":5769,"_23":302,"_303":5770,"_174":5772},"eab3ddd199b1",[5771],"e41cd6c","Like, and just, like, take them down in the depths.",[5774,5776,5778,5780],{"_37":5747,"_23":2140,"_2141":5775},"00:26:53.760",{"_37":5755,"_23":2140,"_2141":5777},"00:26:56.040",{"_37":5763,"_23":2140,"_2141":5779},"00:27:03.160",{"_37":5771,"_23":2140,"_2141":5781},"00:27:06.040",{"_37":5783,"_23":297,"_298":5784,"_306":5822,"_308":309},"65ae1d4402ab",[5785,5790,5793,5798,5801,5806,5809,5814,5817],{"_37":5786,"_23":302,"_303":5787,"_174":5789},"975417d72045",[5788],"448e24e","Like, you yourself should be like, build an agent.",{"_37":5791,"_23":302,"_303":5792,"_174":2100},"fe22db41c509",[],{"_37":5794,"_23":302,"_303":5795,"_174":5797},"32b003945c24",[5796],"3ecb023","I'm not saying you use it in production, like Cursor.",{"_37":5799,"_23":302,"_303":5800,"_174":2100},"0c59a746beb3",[],{"_37":5802,"_23":302,"_303":5803,"_174":5805},"326d6203708e",[5804],"9ab8be7","And Claude Code is, like, 300 lines in a while true loop in the most basic thing.",{"_37":5807,"_23":302,"_303":5808,"_174":2100},"2127250747df",[],{"_37":5810,"_23":302,"_303":5811,"_174":5813},"b9dc29ec7d8a",[5812],"dca4fe2","It will take you an hour to build.",{"_37":5815,"_23":302,"_303":5816,"_174":2100},"c6c6fd80afd9",[],{"_37":5818,"_23":302,"_303":5819,"_174":5821},"8a3d58ac2e1f",[5820],"6942757","I don't understand why engineers can't even answer these fundamentals.",[5823,5825,5827,5829,5831],{"_37":5788,"_23":2140,"_2141":5824},"00:27:09.960",{"_37":5796,"_23":2140,"_2141":5826},"00:27:12.280",{"_37":5804,"_23":2140,"_2141":5828},"00:27:15.660",{"_37":5812,"_23":2140,"_2141":5830},"00:27:20.780",{"_37":5820,"_23":2140,"_2141":5832},"00:27:22.700",{"_37":5834,"_23":297,"_298":5835,"_306":5857,"_308":543},"404466473e59",[5836,5841,5844,5849,5852],{"_37":5837,"_23":302,"_303":5838,"_174":5840},"bfa828a56519",[5839],"00945c6","This is a new CompSci 101, folks,",{"_37":5842,"_23":302,"_303":5843,"_174":2100},"d69ee0749f8c",[],{"_37":5845,"_23":302,"_303":5846,"_174":5848},"632df2261d3e",[5847],"ec0b6a5","like, for AI 101.",{"_37":5850,"_23":302,"_303":5851,"_174":2100},"0c370488c0f4",[],{"_37":5853,"_23":302,"_303":5854,"_174":5856},"6ca4cb1b28c1",[5855],"3f308df","You should be able to build an agent and explain how it works.",[5858,5860,5862],{"_37":5839,"_23":2140,"_2141":5859},"00:27:27.020",{"_37":5847,"_23":2140,"_2141":5861},"00:27:30.120",{"_37":5855,"_23":2140,"_2141":5863},"00:27:31.640",{"_37":5865,"_23":297,"_298":5866,"_306":5888,"_308":309},"3fab63abc9a3",[5867,5872,5875,5880,5883],{"_37":5868,"_23":302,"_303":5869,"_174":5871},"4faf6d48838e",[5870],"9256980","You're not a senior engineer unless you can actually",{"_37":5873,"_23":302,"_303":5874,"_174":2100},"d35ed2113e2b",[],{"_37":5876,"_23":302,"_303":5877,"_174":5879},"5cb37f8a5a46",[5878],"5f8ef89","mentor, and there's so many senior engineers out right now, they're just, like, being consumers of AI, not actually,",{"_37":5881,"_23":302,"_303":5882,"_174":2100},"35256d99d04f",[],{"_37":5884,"_23":302,"_303":5885,"_174":5887},"9a5af40f74e3",[5886],"269e98e","like, understanding, like, the fundamentals, and they're no longer senior anymore, and they're jeopardizing their employability.",[5889,5891,5893],{"_37":5870,"_23":2140,"_2141":5890},"00:27:34.680",{"_37":5878,"_23":2140,"_2141":5892},"00:27:38.280",{"_37":5886,"_23":2140,"_2141":5894},"00:27:47.120",{"_37":5896,"_23":297,"_298":5897,"_306":5919,"_308":309},"d8541ba349b8",[5898,5903,5906,5911,5914],{"_37":5899,"_23":302,"_303":5900,"_174":5902},"d2a16cfb001e",[5901],"d578752","'Cause it's really sad, because an agent is just a while true loop.",{"_37":5904,"_23":302,"_303":5905,"_174":2100},"f0f61cf7f7e2",[],{"_37":5907,"_23":302,"_303":5908,"_174":5910},"cd23b407cb3d",[5909],"4e30d6d","For this room, I'm sure you've seen this before, but it literally just, you take the user prompt on the third line, you send it off for inferencing.",{"_37":5912,"_23":302,"_303":5913,"_174":2100},"33d7cab36607",[],{"_37":5915,"_23":302,"_303":5916,"_174":5918},"00ac673f2549",[5917],"a7a4402","It's just a REST API.",[5920,5922,5924],{"_37":5901,"_23":2140,"_2141":5921},"00:27:55.600",{"_37":5909,"_23":2140,"_2141":5923},"00:27:59.760",{"_37":5917,"_23":2140,"_2141":5925},"00:28:09.480",{"_37":5927,"_23":297,"_298":5928,"_306":5958,"_308":309},"2236eaefea88",[5929,5934,5937,5942,5945,5950,5953],{"_37":5930,"_23":302,"_303":5931,"_174":5933},"f4e876a719da",[5932],"cc12bb2","And then it goes, what is the weather?",{"_37":5935,"_23":302,"_303":5936,"_174":2100},"3ee4066f53eb",[],{"_37":5938,"_23":302,"_303":5939,"_174":5941},"7e6474370d26",[5940],"a2891c7","And then it comes back and it goes, I don't know.",{"_37":5943,"_23":302,"_303":5944,"_174":2100},"6dc1523e998f",[],{"_37":5946,"_23":302,"_303":5947,"_174":5949},"9edcbd3785d4",[5948],"719d432","I don't know what the weather is.",{"_37":5951,"_23":302,"_303":5952,"_174":2100},"7cab8cc5d432",[],{"_37":5954,"_23":302,"_303":5955,"_174":5957},"ef4b6a7ad296",[5956],"84a7156","But you registered a tool.",[5959,5961,5963,5965],{"_37":5932,"_23":2140,"_2141":5960},"00:28:11.720",{"_37":5940,"_23":2140,"_2141":5962},"00:28:14.440",{"_37":5948,"_23":2140,"_2141":5964},"00:28:17.160",{"_37":5956,"_23":2140,"_2141":5966},"00:28:18.840",{"_37":5968,"_23":297,"_298":5969,"_306":5983,"_308":309},"4f0d05ab2afb",[5970,5975,5978],{"_37":5971,"_23":302,"_303":5972,"_174":5974},"b1d4b1db5ed7",[5973],"6622a76","How about you execute that tool and copy and paste that tool and send it off for inferencing, and then I'll analyze it?",{"_37":5976,"_23":302,"_303":5977,"_174":2100},"45e37540dd6f",[],{"_37":5979,"_23":302,"_303":5980,"_174":5982},"0330325f5c80",[5981],"f3ab92e","Why the heck can't engineers explain this?",[5984,5986],{"_37":5973,"_23":2140,"_2141":5985},"00:28:21.240",{"_37":5981,"_23":2140,"_2141":5987},"00:28:28.039",{"_37":5989,"_23":297,"_298":5990,"_306":6004,"_308":309},"d9f5a60c0424",[5991,5996,5999],{"_37":5992,"_23":302,"_303":5993,"_174":5995},"a1936b953037",[5994],"590fd7d","So if you're trying to figure out who to hire, you really want people who can at least explain this on a whiteboard.",{"_37":5997,"_23":302,"_303":5998,"_174":2100},"3ca37065260c",[],{"_37":6000,"_23":302,"_303":6001,"_174":6003},"5c52b8eb437c",[6002],"f11ad20","It's literally a curiosity test, folks.",[6005,6007],{"_37":5994,"_23":2140,"_2141":6006},"00:28:31.560",{"_37":6002,"_23":2140,"_2141":6008},"00:28:39.080",{"_37":6010,"_23":297,"_298":6011,"_306":6033,"_308":309},"17f7f668acf0",[6012,6017,6020,6025,6028],{"_37":6013,"_23":302,"_303":6014,"_174":6016},"9a650718e64d",[6015],"f37d542","And it's going to be really interesting to see how this all really pans out.",{"_37":6018,"_23":302,"_303":6019,"_174":2100},"488e0d17fac0",[],{"_37":6021,"_23":302,"_303":6022,"_174":6024},"bb2278ed91f4",[6023],"f2ea232","Like, for a lot of people, they haven't noticed that AI",{"_37":6026,"_23":302,"_303":6027,"_174":2100},"ecf033349cf2",[],{"_37":6029,"_23":302,"_303":6030,"_174":6032},"433b192e116c",[6031],"989604b","is changing everything, and the pace how everything's changing.",[6034,6036,6038],{"_37":6015,"_23":2140,"_2141":6035},"00:28:43.240",{"_37":6023,"_23":2140,"_2141":6037},"00:28:47.799",{"_37":6031,"_23":2140,"_2141":6039},"00:28:52.519",{"_37":6041,"_23":297,"_298":6042,"_306":6056,"_308":309},"aa56653c426c",[6043,6048,6051],{"_37":6044,"_23":302,"_303":6045,"_174":6047},"8406aef05230",[6046],"33fe878","They're expecting AI to, like, knock on the doorstep.",{"_37":6049,"_23":302,"_303":6050,"_174":2100},"4d25a4cd13bd",[],{"_37":6052,"_23":302,"_303":6053,"_174":6055},"ce8fb362d493",[6054],"b3e7698","No, it's kind of burrowing under the house.",[6057,6059],{"_37":6046,"_23":2140,"_2141":6058},"00:28:55.960",{"_37":6054,"_23":2140,"_2141":6060},"00:28:59.559",{"_37":6062,"_23":297,"_298":6063,"_306":6093,"_308":309},"d18d62e21d0a",[6064,6069,6072,6077,6080,6085,6088],{"_37":6065,"_23":302,"_303":6066,"_174":6068},"3653ec6495c6",[6067],"3d71441","For the founders in the room, you can feel it.",{"_37":6070,"_23":302,"_303":6071,"_174":2100},"f5632f5a2015",[],{"_37":6073,"_23":302,"_303":6074,"_174":6076},"6a431bed5c41",[6075],"e790d30","Like, the unit economics of business is kinda changing.",{"_37":6078,"_23":302,"_303":6079,"_174":2100},"9e5a00a7f677",[],{"_37":6081,"_23":302,"_303":6082,"_174":6084},"8267e52513e3",[6083],"9857d0c","There's a lot of disturbances in the funding climate.",{"_37":6086,"_23":302,"_303":6087,"_174":2100},"5e457cd3a7e2",[],{"_37":6089,"_23":302,"_303":6090,"_174":6092},"79be1ade704d",[6091],"227d945","A lot of disruption in the sense that it's very easy to clone software now.",[6094,6096,6098,6100],{"_37":6067,"_23":2140,"_2141":6095},"00:29:02.360",{"_37":6075,"_23":2140,"_2141":6097},"00:29:04.600",{"_37":6083,"_23":2140,"_2141":6099},"00:29:07.320",{"_37":6091,"_23":2140,"_2141":6101},"00:29:11.240",{"_37":6103,"_23":297,"_298":6104,"_306":6118,"_308":309},"e36f33282e19",[6105,6110,6113],{"_37":6106,"_23":302,"_303":6107,"_174":6109},"88844fb52283",[6108],"112ac39","Doesn't mean you should, but you can.",{"_37":6111,"_23":302,"_303":6112,"_174":2100},"4bcfcba06f22",[],{"_37":6114,"_23":302,"_303":6115,"_174":6117},"a5d5280b3110",[6116],"c5a32f4","Like, it's literally, an idea is execution.",[6119,6121],{"_37":6108,"_23":2140,"_2141":6120},"00:29:17.140",{"_37":6116,"_23":2140,"_2141":6122},"00:29:18.980",{"_37":6124,"_23":297,"_298":6125,"_306":6163,"_308":309},"fdea2e5157f1",[6126,6131,6134,6139,6142,6147,6150,6155,6158],{"_37":6127,"_23":302,"_303":6128,"_174":6130},"f0d12893cc6d",[6129],"0cbadda","When I originally had the idea of Ralph, I guess it's been",{"_37":6132,"_23":302,"_303":6133,"_174":2100},"7bd7c19f787b",[],{"_37":6135,"_23":302,"_303":6136,"_174":6138},"61748be6ec2f",[6137],"d5f8d30","a year and a half now.",{"_37":6140,"_23":302,"_303":6141,"_174":2100},"9e9e05f7c128",[],{"_37":6143,"_23":302,"_303":6144,"_174":6146},"6ef71f0f9f59",[6145],"5dd68a5","But it's now built into Cursor. Yesterday Anthropic implemented it into Claude Code properly.",{"_37":6148,"_23":302,"_303":6149,"_174":2100},"944bb78dfc87",[],{"_37":6151,"_23":302,"_303":6152,"_174":6154},"e64d80f48ffb",[6153],"d3d48a8","It's built into Codex.",{"_37":6156,"_23":302,"_303":6157,"_174":2100},"0644f69eede0",[],{"_37":6159,"_23":302,"_303":6160,"_174":6162},"afa7807cfd0d",[6161],"d7b0a61","Like, idea is execution.",[6164,6166,6168,6170,6172],{"_37":6129,"_23":2140,"_2141":6165},"00:29:21.860",{"_37":6137,"_23":2140,"_2141":6167},"00:29:26.440",{"_37":6145,"_23":2140,"_2141":6169},"00:29:27.799",{"_37":6153,"_23":2140,"_2141":6171},"00:29:35.559",{"_37":6161,"_23":2140,"_2141":6173},"00:29:37.639",{"_37":6175,"_23":297,"_298":6176,"_306":6190,"_308":309},"6dae46a0b414",[6177,6182,6185],{"_37":6178,"_23":302,"_303":6179,"_174":6181},"81943f14a21f",[6180],"7b4f557","Things are just really changing really fast, and it's the knowing that's the edge, folks.",{"_37":6183,"_23":302,"_303":6184,"_174":2100},"b45c18d18ef3",[],{"_37":6186,"_23":302,"_303":6187,"_174":6189},"ebf72e7a75f8",[6188],"f95b237","I'll get into it.",[6191,6193],{"_37":6180,"_23":2140,"_2141":6192},"00:29:39.919",{"_37":6188,"_23":2140,"_2141":6194},"00:29:46.000",{"_37":6196,"_23":297,"_298":6197,"_306":6202,"_308":381},"281300cc0a38",[6198],{"_37":6199,"_23":302,"_303":6200,"_174":6201},"b721575c7f8c",[],"What Can You Actually Copy?",[],{"_37":6204,"_23":297,"_298":6205,"_306":6235,"_308":309},"84b1ff514dd3",[6206,6211,6214,6219,6222,6227,6230],{"_37":6207,"_23":302,"_303":6208,"_174":6210},"f716dbe3efc0",[6209],"c0ae433","Closing ponderers.",{"_37":6212,"_23":302,"_303":6213,"_174":2100},"a8f505018f64",[],{"_37":6215,"_23":302,"_303":6216,"_174":6218},"3fe255216dd7",[6217],"2bbe54f","Removing waste from your existing organizations,",{"_37":6220,"_23":302,"_303":6221,"_174":2100},"c9337a1e521e",[],{"_37":6223,"_23":302,"_303":6224,"_174":6226},"b5581bc8332d",[6225],"8de3702","this is a message to existing founders, is a bigger acceleration of AI",{"_37":6228,"_23":302,"_303":6229,"_174":2100},"4ac976903e97",[],{"_37":6231,"_23":302,"_303":6232,"_174":6234},"5810f24c059e",[6233],"bdd4d4b","than AI itself.",[6236,6238,6240,6242],{"_37":6209,"_23":2140,"_2141":6237},"00:29:47.520",{"_37":6217,"_23":2140,"_2141":6239},"00:29:50.620",{"_37":6225,"_23":2140,"_2141":6241},"00:29:54.140",{"_37":6233,"_23":2140,"_2141":6243},"00:30:02.860",{"_37":6245,"_23":297,"_298":6246,"_306":6260,"_308":309},"7ba685761592",[6247,6252,6255],{"_37":6248,"_23":302,"_303":6249,"_174":6251},"8bba566b4322",[6250],"861367f","I've come across corporates who've created a git repo per UI component, like a checkbox git repo,",{"_37":6253,"_23":302,"_303":6254,"_174":2100},"a0dacffd9517",[],{"_37":6256,"_23":302,"_303":6257,"_174":6259},"a10d3e54bfdc",[6258],"8b104af","text box git repo, and then it's like, oh, we've got to have, like, a user form, so that's a git repo composing those git repos. That's just waste. Get rid of it.",[6261,6263],{"_37":6250,"_23":2140,"_2141":6262},"00:30:05.740",{"_37":6258,"_23":2140,"_2141":6264},"00:30:15.360",{"_37":6266,"_23":297,"_298":6267,"_306":6297,"_308":309},"30dbd25f87b9",[6268,6273,6276,6281,6284,6289,6292],{"_37":6269,"_23":302,"_303":6270,"_174":6272},"2a8bcbf97157",[6271],"24c4a93","Like, for this crowd, fortunately, it won't be that applicable.",{"_37":6274,"_23":302,"_303":6275,"_174":2100},"576220175065",[],{"_37":6277,"_23":302,"_303":6278,"_174":6280},"1c86606d885a",[6279],"23592aa","But really thinking about what is, like, a waste.",{"_37":6282,"_23":302,"_303":6283,"_174":2100},"4d07bbc84453",[],{"_37":6285,"_23":302,"_303":6286,"_174":6288},"54d57b1e9337",[6287],"639f52c","And, like, removing waste within your organizations, how you plan, like, put engineers on the front line.",{"_37":6290,"_23":302,"_303":6291,"_174":2100},"ab6aecad6631",[],{"_37":6293,"_23":302,"_303":6294,"_174":6296},"04c8bd2669a3",[6295],"121e9ff","Put engineers on the front line.",[6298,6300,6302,6304],{"_37":6271,"_23":2140,"_2141":6299},"00:30:27.580",{"_37":6279,"_23":2140,"_2141":6301},"00:30:32.860",{"_37":6287,"_23":2140,"_2141":6303},"00:30:35.640",{"_37":6295,"_23":2140,"_2141":6305},"00:30:41.240",{"_37":6307,"_23":297,"_298":6308,"_306":6322,"_308":309},"7e643ca71460",[6309,6314,6317],{"_37":6310,"_23":302,"_303":6311,"_174":6313},"10eccb404e36",[6312],"6c31b12","Like, pair them up with a product manager, and teach the product manager how to code.",{"_37":6315,"_23":302,"_303":6316,"_174":2100},"d2fbaf85817b",[],{"_37":6318,"_23":302,"_303":6319,"_174":6321},"2bb244e23b26",[6320],"7dd439e","This is why we go code review, mentoring, mentor the product manager and the product manager the engineers, but engineers on the front line.",[6323,6325],{"_37":6312,"_23":2140,"_2141":6324},"00:30:43.820",{"_37":6320,"_23":2140,"_2141":6326},"00:30:50.860",{"_37":6328,"_23":297,"_298":6329,"_306":6351,"_308":309},"9f092c891e29",[6330,6335,6338,6343,6346],{"_37":6331,"_23":302,"_303":6332,"_174":6334},"654ecc7656be",[6333],"e8a256c","Don't think about, like, I'm gonna do agile the Spotify way and planning poker estimations.",{"_37":6336,"_23":302,"_303":6337,"_174":2100},"697e65cdd150",[],{"_37":6339,"_23":302,"_303":6340,"_174":6342},"30b83b71ab05",[6341],"ce992e5","That's all been waste.",{"_37":6344,"_23":302,"_303":6345,"_174":2100},"8e4cbc6199fe",[],{"_37":6347,"_23":302,"_303":6348,"_174":6350},"bf93ae584b9b",[6349],"44b6782","We don't need to do 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morning.",[6406,6408],{"_37":6395,"_23":2140,"_2141":6407},"00:31:22.020",{"_37":6403,"_23":2140,"_2141":6409},"00:31:32.900",{"_37":6411,"_23":297,"_298":6412,"_306":6426,"_308":309},"472d650b621a",[6413,6418,6421],{"_37":6414,"_23":302,"_303":6415,"_174":6417},"c8643a989aae",[6416],"c412343","Like, I don't know about you, but, like, when I want to build software these days, I go to SaaS companies.",{"_37":6419,"_23":302,"_303":6420,"_174":2100},"feb081eb29a0",[],{"_37":6422,"_23":302,"_303":6423,"_174":6425},"f116e76f4f82",[6424],"da00a1d","And I take screenshots of their product page and their marketing things, and I go, I want that.",[6427,6429],{"_37":6416,"_23":2140,"_2141":6428},"00:31:36.420",{"_37":6424,"_23":2140,"_2141":6430},"00:31:41.840",{"_37":6432,"_23":297,"_298":6433,"_306":6447,"_308":543},"ab45674570ac",[6434,6439,6442],{"_37":6435,"_23":302,"_303":6436,"_174":6438},"41c090ede9ff",[6437],"ba2fd9f","I do window shopping for SaaS features these days to build software.",{"_37":6440,"_23":302,"_303":6441,"_174":2100},"be92261419da",[],{"_37":6443,"_23":302,"_303":6444,"_174":6446},"400f1d0010df",[6445],"224fd6f","And that's kind of scary, because ideas are now execution.",[6448,6450],{"_37":6437,"_23":2140,"_2141":6449},"00:31:46.880",{"_37":6445,"_23":2140,"_2141":6451},"00:31:50.640",{"_37":6453,"_23":297,"_298":6454,"_306":6492,"_308":309},"0710a2579540",[6455,6460,6463,6468,6471,6476,6479,6484,6487],{"_37":6456,"_23":302,"_303":6457,"_174":6459},"e97d58ccfb6b",[6458],"c213352","So",{"_37":6461,"_23":302,"_303":6462,"_174":2100},"397f4436d033",[],{"_37":6464,"_23":302,"_303":6465,"_174":6467},"52ef448dac80",[6466],"005ec1a","you need to really internalize what this means.",{"_37":6469,"_23":302,"_303":6470,"_174":2100},"aa87350434af",[],{"_37":6472,"_23":302,"_303":6473,"_174":6475},"37df8b1176d1",[6474],"4dd756f","If it's so easy to replicate something, you've got to really deeply think about, the feature is not the moat.",{"_37":6477,"_23":302,"_303":6478,"_174":2100},"c07be5bece47",[],{"_37":6480,"_23":302,"_303":6481,"_174":6483},"2aff0502f103",[6482],"3a1856e","What is actually a moat?",{"_37":6485,"_23":302,"_303":6486,"_174":2100},"3b16fa14c39e",[],{"_37":6488,"_23":302,"_303":6489,"_174":6491},"61f99f530cc9",[6490],"7d5b80c","And this is going to be really hard for a lot of people.",[6493,6495,6497,6499,6501],{"_37":6458,"_23":2140,"_2141":6494},"00:31:54.960",{"_37":6466,"_23":2140,"_2141":6496},"00:31:57.280",{"_37":6474,"_23":2140,"_2141":6498},"00:32:00.080",{"_37":6482,"_23":2140,"_2141":6500},"00:32:07.200",{"_37":6490,"_23":2140,"_2141":6502},"00:32:09.580",{"_37":6504,"_23":297,"_298":6505,"_306":6527,"_308":309},"859696e07a2e",[6506,6511,6514,6519,6522],{"_37":6507,"_23":302,"_303":6508,"_174":6510},"ef8ba167df0b",[6509],"3854bbc","You see, society's been structured around this idea of, like, what do you do?",{"_37":6512,"_23":302,"_303":6513,"_174":2100},"91fcd16c9bfe",[],{"_37":6515,"_23":302,"_303":6516,"_174":6518},"44b0b70c48dc",[6517],"67c0877","I'm a software developer.",{"_37":6520,"_23":302,"_303":6521,"_174":2100},"4e8ae397d5fc",[],{"_37":6523,"_23":302,"_303":6524,"_174":6526},"92b6ddbacea3",[6525],"2b2a0dd","Well, cool.",[6528,6530,6532],{"_37":6509,"_23":2140,"_2141":6529},"00:32:13.020",{"_37":6517,"_23":2140,"_2141":6531},"00:32:17.419",{"_37":6525,"_23":2140,"_2141":6533},"00:32:19.419",{"_37":6535,"_23":297,"_298":6536,"_306":6558,"_308":309},"8b334e1ba7ea",[6537,6542,6545,6550,6553],{"_37":6538,"_23":302,"_303":6539,"_174":6541},"3ec80f1d9ad5",[6540],"55b7724","But most people don't say they're a software developer.",{"_37":6543,"_23":302,"_303":6544,"_174":2100},"9bd03416d5f1",[],{"_37":6546,"_23":302,"_303":6547,"_174":6549},"8433fcbc31c7",[6548],"c526780","They say they're a Golang developer, they're a Ruby 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Development Costs Less than Minimum Wage

Speakers